(50740,'Turning the tide on high-seas and ocean plastic pollution','turning-the-tide-on-high-seas-plastic-pollution','2022-10-27 16:25:20.256215','<p>Oceans and seas are great sources of water for a huge number of living organisms. They fulfill our basic necessity of water. They act as natural storage for rainfall.</p><h3 class=\"\"><b><u>Keywords</u></b>: plastic, marine ecosystem, marine health, human health, plastic pollution</h3><p>But what we do is make them stingy with various waste things.&nbsp;</p><p>The main cause of pollution in the marine ecosystem is plastic. Plastic is a substance that is used for a variety of applications such as packaging, etc. Every year there are 300 million tons of plastic produced in oceans. From this 14 million tons of plastic end up in the ocean itself. Plastic debris makes up 80% of the ocean\'s total debris. The sources of&nbsp; this plastic debris are:</p><ul><li>Urban and stormwater runoff</li><li>Sewer overflows</li><li>Littering</li><li>Inadequate waste disposal and management</li><li>Industrial activities</li><li>Construction</li><li>Illegal dumping</li></ul><p>The main sources of ocean-based plastic pollution include:</p><ul><li>Fishing industry</li><li>Nautical activities</li><li>Aquaculture</li></ul><p>Influencing by solar radiation, wind, currents, and various factors, plastic breaks downs into particles called microplastics(particles smaller than 5 nm) or nano plastics(particles smaller than 100nm). This reduction in size makes a way for marine life to digest it. This also results in a high mortality rate of marine life due to starvation.</p><p>Due to the lack of infrastructural facilities in many countries such as sanitary landfills, recycling capacity, and proper management and disposal of waste, they fail to prevent plastic pollution. The lack of these facilities leads to plastic leakage in water bodies.</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-27/4268a5e1-b59e-465b-abca-2e5f07a56d43.jpg\" style=\"width: 336.5px; height: 224.108px;\"><br></p><p>Plastic pollution adversely affects the marine environment ranging from health problems to climate change.</p><p>1. Impacts marine life:</p><p>Marine life such as whales, fishes, and seabirds mistakenly intake plastic. They suffer from lacerations, infections, reduced ability in swimming, and internal injuries.</p><p>2. Impacts on human health:</p><p>As marine life species consume plastic, it affects the food web. The transfer of this takes place through the consumption of seafood by humans.</p><p>3. Impacts on climate:</p><p>It acts as a contributor to climate change. Due to plastic, a lot of carbon dioxide and methane gas is emitted into the environment.</p><p>4. Impacts on the economy:</p><p>It reduces the aesthetic value of the water bodies thereby reducing the economy generated through tourism. It also increases the cost of cleaning and management.</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-27/e0c81409-a980-41a2-9376-fa4bf39e4cef.jpg\" style=\"width: 323.889px; height: 215.709px;\"><br></p><p>For minimizing and saving our ecosystem, major steps should be taken. The foremost step is awareness. Every individual must be aware of the impacts of plastic pollution. Every individual must take care not to throw plastic waste near oceans and seas. Government and other organizations must increase funds for controlling this issue. Infrastructural facilities must be developed.&nbsp;</p><p><br></p><p><br></p><p><br></p>','2022-10-24 02:47:25.983772','uploads/news/plastic.jpg',1,'CELL - One Earth- Current','The main cause of pollution in the marine ecosystem is plastic. Plastic is a substance that is used for a variety of applications such as packaging, etc. Every year there are 300 million tons of plastic produced in oceans. From this 14 million tons of plastic end up in the ocean itself. Plastic debris makes up 80% of the ocean\'s total debris. 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line-height: 1.75rem;\"><br><ul class=\"rlist inline-bullet-list\" style=\"list-style: none; padding: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap;\"></ul></div></li><li class=\"ref\" style=\"position: relative; margin-top: 34px; counter-reset: refCounter 0; padding-left: 0.625rem; counter-increment: li 1; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 1.688rem;\"><ul title=\"list of authors\" class=\"rlist inline-bullet-list ref__authors ref__inline-block\" style=\"list-style: none; padding: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap;\"><li class=\"ref__authors__name\" style=\"font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.75rem; display: flex;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Maximenko N.</font></span></li><li class=\"ref__authors__name\" style=\"font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.75rem; display: flex;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Palacz A.</font></span></li><li class=\"ref__authors__name\" style=\"font-size: 1.125rem; 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font-family: Helvetica;\">A Supplement to Oceanography</span><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">,&nbsp;</span><span class=\"refPublisherLoc\"></span><span class=\"refDate\">2021</span></font><div class=\"ref__controls\" style=\"margin-top: 0.875rem; line-height: 1.75rem;\"><br><ul class=\"rlist inline-bullet-list\" style=\"list-style: none; padding: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap;\"></ul></div></li><li class=\"ref\" style=\"position: relative; margin-top: 34px; counter-reset: refCounter 0; padding-left: 0.625rem; counter-increment: li 1; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 1.688rem;\"><ul title=\"list of authors\" class=\"rlist inline-bullet-list ref__authors ref__inline-block\" style=\"list-style: none; padding: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap;\"><li class=\"ref__authors__name\" style=\"font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.75rem; display: flex;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Magnier L.</font></span></li><li class=\"ref__authors__name\" style=\"font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.75rem; display: flex;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Mugge R.</font></span></li><li class=\"ref__authors__name\" style=\"font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.75rem; display: flex;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Schoormans J.</font></span></li></ul><div class=\"ref__title\" style=\"margin: 0px; font-weight: 700;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Turning ocean garbage into products&nbsp;– Consumers’ evaluations of products made of recycled ocean plastic.</font></span></div><font color=\"#000000\"><span class=\"ref__series\"><i><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">J.&nbsp;Clean. Prod.</span></i><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ref__seriesDate\" style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">2019;&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ref__seriesVolume\" style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">215</span></span><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">:&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ref__seriesPages\" style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">84-98</span></font><span class=\"doi\" style=\"display: block; font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\"><a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.246\" style=\"cursor: pointer; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(235, 235, 235);\"><font color=\"#000000\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.12.246</font></a></span><div class=\"ref__controls\" style=\"margin-top: 0.875rem; line-height: 1.75rem;\"><br><ul class=\"rlist inline-bullet-list\" style=\"list-style: none; padding: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap;\"></ul></div></li><li class=\"ref\" style=\"position: relative; margin-top: 34px; counter-reset: refCounter 0; padding-left: 0.625rem; counter-increment: li 1; margin-bottom: 15px; line-height: 1.688rem;\"><ul title=\"list of authors\" class=\"rlist inline-bullet-list ref__authors ref__inline-block\" style=\"list-style: none; padding: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap;\"><li class=\"ref__authors__name\" style=\"font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.75rem; display: flex;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Teisl M.F.</font></span></li><li class=\"ref__authors__name\" style=\"font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.75rem; display: flex;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Roe B.</font></span></li><li class=\"ref__authors__name\" style=\"font-size: 1.125rem; line-height: 1.75rem; display: flex;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Hicks R.L.</font></span></li></ul><div class=\"ref__title\" style=\"margin: 0px; font-weight: 700;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Can Eco-labels Tune a Market? Evidence from Dolphin-Safe labeling.</font></span></div><font color=\"#000000\"><span class=\"ref__series\" style=\"\"><i><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">J.&nbsp;Environ. Econ. Manage.</span></i><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ref__seriesDate\" style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">2002;&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ref__seriesVolume\" style=\"font-weight: 700; font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">43</span></span><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">:&nbsp;</span><span class=\"ref__seriesPages\" style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">339-359</span></font><span class=\"doi\" style=\"display: block; font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\"><a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1006/jeem.2000.1186\" style=\"cursor: pointer; border-bottom: 2px solid rgb(235, 235, 235);\"><font color=\"#000000\">https://doi.org/10.1006/jeem.2000.1186</font></a></span><div class=\"ref__controls\" style=\"margin-top: 0.875rem; line-height: 1.75rem;\"><br><ul class=\"rlist inline-bullet-list\" style=\"list-style: none; padding: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap;\"></ul></div></li></ol>'),(51182,'New computing architecture - Deep learning with light','new-computing-architecture-deep-learning-light','2022-10-23 21:53:16.004892','<p>Whenever we ask a particular gadget to perform a certain task it takes several seconds to show the outcome. The reason behind this latency is that the devices don\'t have high memory power to quickly understand the requirements of the user. Also, the distance may be one of the factors. The device is placed quite a distance away. After the request, the answer is computed and then sent back to the device.&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-23/b7fdf531-7f51-472e-a23a-a229196e5bac.webp\" style=\"width: 334.889px; height: 236.725px;\"></p><p><br></p><h3 class=\"\"><b><u>Keywords</u></b>: Latency, fiber optic, light waves, computations, smart transceiver, weights, silicon photonics&nbsp; &nbsp;</h3><p><br></p><p>Now, researchers have discovered a new way for computations on these devices. This new way surely helps in reducing the latency in the devices. The idea is to shift the memory-intensive steps of a model to a central server where components are encoded onto light waves. These waves are transmitted using fiber optics to a device. It provides a way for huge data to be sent lightning-fast over a network. The receiver then assists a simple optical device in performing computations. It rapidly performs calculations using components of the model that are carried by light waves.</p><p>The neural network architecture that is developed works on the idea of storing the data in a central server. This central server is connected to a smart transceiver. A smart transceiver refers to a small chip that uses silicon photonics technology for transmitting and receiving weights.</p><p>It receives weights in the form of electrical signals that are in the form of bits(1s and 0s). The transceiver converts them by using the switching lasers method i.e. a laser is turned on for a 1 and it is turned off for a 0. It combines these light waves and transfers them by making use of fiber optics.</p><p>This method comparatively provides great efficiency. It also provides better security. This method has various real-time applications:</p><p>1. It can enable a self-driving car that can make decisions using less percentage of energy.</p><p>2. It can create a latency-free conversation environment between the user and a smart home device.</p><p>3. Can be used for Image classification in space missions.</p><p>Senior author Dirk Englund, an associate professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) and member of the MIT Research Laboratory of Electronics said, \"Every time you want to run a neural network, you have to run the program, and how fast you can run the program depends on how fast you can pipe the program in from memory. Our pipe is massive -- it corresponds to sending a full feature-length movie over the internet every millisecond or so. That is how fast data comes into our system. And it can compute as fast as that\".</p><p>Lead author and EECS grad student Alexander Sludds said, \"In order to make something faster, you need to make it more energy efficient. But there is a trade-off. We\'ve built a system that can operate with about a milliwatt of power but still do trillions of multiplications per second. In terms of both speed and energy efficiency, that is a gain of orders of magnitude\".<br></p><p>The researchers tested this method by sending weights over an 86 Kilometer fiber. It resulted in ML with high accuracy i.e. 98.7% for image classification and 98.8% for digit recognition.&nbsp;</p><p><br></p><p><br></p>','2022-10-23 21:53:16.004943','uploads/news/light2.jpg',1,'Massachusetts Institute of Technology.','Researchers have discovered a new way for computations on the devices. This new way surely helps in reducing the latency in the devices. The idea is to shift the memory-intensive steps of a model to a central server where components are encoded onto light waves.',5,62,'<ol class=\"journal\" style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-left: 20px; border-radius: 0px !important;\"><li style=\"margin: 0px; padding-left: 5px; border-radius: 0px !important;\">Alexander Sludds, Saumil Bandyopadhyay, Zaijun Chen, Zhizhen Zhong, Jared Cochrane, Liane Bernstein, Darius Bunandar, P. Ben Dixon, Scott A. Hamilton, Matthew Streshinsky, Ari Novack, Tom Baehr-Jones, Michael Hochberg, Manya Ghobadi, Ryan Hamerly, Dirk Englund.&nbsp;<strong style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Delocalized photonic deep learning on the internet’s edge</strong>.&nbsp;<em style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Science</em>, 2022; 378 (6617): 270 DOI:&nbsp;<a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.abq8271\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color: rgb(0, 66, 118); border-radius: 0px !important;\">10.1126/science.abq8271</a></li></ol>'),(51970,'Remote poultry management system for small to medium scale producers using IoT','remote-poultry-management-system-for-small-to-medium-scale-producers-using-iot','2022-10-27 14:35:37.704228','<p>IoT is a system of interconnected physical devices which include automated regulation. In recent times, it has made steady growth in the technological field. It has numerous applications. Considering this, now IoT is also been used in the poultry sector.</p><h3 class=\"\"><b><u>Keywords</u></b>: IoT, poultry, food security, UNADGs, small-scale farmers, poultry management system, DHT11 sensor, ESP8266 NodeMCU microcontroller, blower fan, ammonia</h3><p><br></p><p>We are aware of the economic circumstances of farmers. They also require a management system for ease of their work. The poultry management system gives low-cost and efficient management to poultry farmers.</p><p>A remote poultry management system aims to help the poultry sector with conditions such as temperature, humidity, lighting, water supply, etc.&nbsp; It also helps in dealing with the records of the survival potential, and immune system of chickens.&nbsp;</p><p>As per the thoughts of the UN, investing in small-scale farmers plays an important role in increasing food security and generating nutrition for the poor. It also increases food production for local and global markets. All nations need to increase food security based on sound, equitable and sustainable food production systems that incorporate automated technologies for achieving United Nations Sustainable Development Goals(UNADGs).&nbsp;</p><p>A low-cost IoT-based poultry management system makes a way for users to interact with web applications via the internet. The features of the poultry management system include:</p><ol><li>Monitoring and controlling temperature, humidity, water supply, and ammonia gas.</li><li>Minimizing employment costs.</li><li>Saving time.</li><li>Biosecurity capabilities.</li><li>Unique light scheduling.</li><li>Automatic switching control</li><li>Ease of accessibility.</li></ol><p>This system is made up of various units such as input sensors, Wi-Fi enabled microcontroller unit, relay board, output devices, user devices, internet, and the web server.</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-27/f0f3a620-d9fa-43fc-bcfd-125ad5c0537b.jpg\" style=\"width: 446.805px; height: 418.757px;\"><br></p><p>A \"DHT11 sensor\" was employed for providing readings w.r.t temperature and humidity. The output devices in this system include a pump, blower fan, buzzer, and lights. User devices include gadgets like personal computers, laptops, palmtops, and smartphones.</p><p> The \"MQ-2 sensor\" was used for detecting ammonia levels. When the sensor detects a high level of ammonia i.e. more than 26%, the blower fan is switched ON to reduce the concentration of ammonia.&nbsp;</p><p>An ultrasonic sensor was exploited for the detection of water levels. This sensor works by sending the signal to the microcontroller based on the water levels.</p><p>The poultry management system also helps in dealing with light scheduling. This system can schedule when the lights can be turned ON and OFF. Users can manually manage this by using a&nbsp; web page.&nbsp;</p><p>The \"ESP8266 NodeMCU\" microcontroller was used in this system considering its advantages like low-cost, complete, and self-contained Wi-Fi network. Arduino C was used to program this microcontroller.&nbsp;</p><p>The web page of the system was developed using PHP scripting language and MySQL for the management of data.</p>','2022-10-24 04:27:18.333893','uploads/news/management.webp',1,'Scientific African','A remote poultry management system aims to help the poultry sector with conditions such as temperature, humidity, lighting, water supply, etc.  It also helps in dealing with the records of the survival potential, and immune system of chickens.',5,134,'<h2 class=\"section-title u-h3 u-margin-l-top u-margin-xs-bottom\" style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 24px; color: rgb(80, 80, 80); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; margin-top: 32px !important; line-height: 1.333 !important;\"><br></h2><section class=\"bibliography-sec\" id=\"cebibsec1\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><dl class=\"references\" id=\"reference-links-cebibsec1\" style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227622003040#bbib0001\" id=\"ref-id-bib0001\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; cursor: pointer;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">[1]</font></span></a></dt><dd class=\"reference\" id=\"sbref0001\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 48px; padding: 0px;\"><div class=\"contribution\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">A.E.&nbsp;Amoran,&nbsp;A.S.&nbsp;Oluwole,&nbsp;E.O.&nbsp;Fagorola,&nbsp;R.S.&nbsp;Diarah</font></span><div id=\"ref-id-sbref0001\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span class=\"title\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: bolder; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Home automated system using bluetooth and an android application</font></span></div></div><div class=\"host\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><font color=\"#000000\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Sci. 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Agric.,&nbsp;170&nbsp;(2020), Article&nbsp;105257,&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2020.105257\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">10.1016/j.compag.2020.105257</span></a></font></div><div class=\"comment\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">January</font></span></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><font color=\"#000000\"><br></font></div></dd><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227622003040#bbib0013\" id=\"ref-id-bib0013\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; cursor: pointer;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">[13]</font></span></a></dt><dd class=\"reference\" id=\"sbref0013\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 48px; padding: 0px;\"><div class=\"contribution\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">H.&nbsp;Phiri,&nbsp;D.&nbsp;Kunda,&nbsp;J.&nbsp;Phiri</font></span><div id=\"ref-id-sbref0013\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span class=\"title\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: bolder; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">An IoT smart broiler farming model for low income farmers</font></span></div></div><div class=\"host\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><font color=\"#000000\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Int. J. Recent Contrib. Eng. Sci. IT (IJES),&nbsp;6&nbsp;(3)&nbsp;(2018), p.&nbsp;95,&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3991/ijes.v6i3.9287\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">10.3991/ijes.v6i3.9287</span></a></font></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><font color=\"#000000\"><br></font></div></dd><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227622003040#bbib0014\" id=\"ref-id-bib0014\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; cursor: pointer;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">[14]</font></span></a></dt><dd class=\"reference\" id=\"sbref0014\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 48px; padding: 0px;\"><div class=\"contribution\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">K.A.&nbsp;Sitaram,&nbsp;K.R.&nbsp;Ankush,&nbsp;K.N.&nbsp;Anant,&nbsp;B.R.&nbsp;Raghunath</font></span><div id=\"ref-id-sbref0014\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span class=\"title\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: bolder; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">IoT based smart management of poultry farm and electricity generation</font></span></div></div><div class=\"host\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><font color=\"#000000\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Computing Research,&nbsp;2018,&nbsp;ICCIC&nbsp;(2018), pp.&nbsp;1-4,&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCIC.2018.8782308\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">10.1109/ICCIC.2018.8782308</span></a></font></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><font color=\"#000000\"><br></font></div></dd><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227622003040#bbib0015\" id=\"ref-id-bib0015\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; cursor: pointer;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">[15]</font></span></a></dt><dd class=\"reference\" id=\"sbref0015\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 48px; padding: 0px;\"><div class=\"contribution\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">A.A.&nbsp;Swelum,&nbsp;M.T.&nbsp;El-Saadony,&nbsp;M.E.&nbsp;Abd El-Hack,&nbsp;M.M.&nbsp;Abo Ghanima,&nbsp;M.&nbsp;Shukry,&nbsp;R.A.&nbsp;Alhotan,&nbsp;E.O.S.&nbsp;Hussein,&nbsp;G.M.&nbsp;Suliman,&nbsp;H.&nbsp;Ba-Awadh,&nbsp;A.A.&nbsp;Ammari,&nbsp;A.E.&nbsp;Taha,&nbsp;K.A&nbsp;El-Tarabily</font></span><div id=\"ref-id-sbref0015\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span class=\"title\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: bolder; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Ammonia emissions in poultry houses and microbial nitrification as a promising reduction strategy</font></span></div></div><div class=\"host\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><font color=\"#000000\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Sci. Total Environ.,&nbsp;781&nbsp;(2)&nbsp;(2021), Article&nbsp;146978,&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146978\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146978</span></a></font></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><font color=\"#000000\"><br></font></div></dd><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227622003040#bbib0016\" id=\"ref-id-bib0016\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; cursor: pointer;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">[16]</font></span></a></dt><dd class=\"reference\" id=\"sbref0016\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 48px; padding: 0px;\"><div class=\"contribution\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">W.&nbsp;Yaïci,&nbsp;K.&nbsp;Krishnamurthy,&nbsp;E.&nbsp;Entchev,&nbsp;M.&nbsp;Longo</font></span><div id=\"ref-id-sbref0016\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span class=\"title\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: bolder; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Recent advances in internet of things (IoT) infrastructures for building energy systems: a review</font></span></div></div><div class=\"host\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><font color=\"#000000\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Sensors,&nbsp;21&nbsp;(6)&nbsp;(2021),&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/s21062152\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">10.3390/s21062152</span></a></font></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><font color=\"#000000\"><br></font></div></dd><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227622003040#bbib0017\" id=\"ref-id-bib0017\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; cursor: pointer;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">[17]</font></span></a></dt><dd class=\"reference\" id=\"sbref0017\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 48px; padding: 0px;\"><div class=\"contribution\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">H.&nbsp;Zheng,&nbsp;T.&nbsp;Zhang,&nbsp;C.&nbsp;Fang,&nbsp;J.&nbsp;Zeng,&nbsp;X.&nbsp;Yang</font></span><div id=\"ref-id-sbref0017\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span class=\"title\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: bolder; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Design and implementation of poultry farming information management system based on cloud database</font></span></div></div><div class=\"host\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><font color=\"#000000\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Animals,&nbsp;11&nbsp;(3)&nbsp;(2021), pp.&nbsp;1-15,&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030900\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">10.3390/ani11030900</span></a></font></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><br></div></dd></dl></section>'),(52046,'Use it too much and lose everything? The effects of hours of work on health','use-it-too-much-and-lose-everything-the-effects-of-hours-of-work-on-health','2022-11-03 13:26:35.090880','<p><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">In this paper, we extend the ‘use it or lose it hypothesis to analyze whether the negative effects of working hours eventually dominate the positive effects of work as the hours of work increase. Using panel data from the HILDA survey, we estimate the optimal hours of work for the health status of middle age and elderly workers. We deal with the potential endogeneity of working hours by using the instrumental variable estimation technique with instruments based on the age for pension eligibility. For males working relatively moderate hours (up to around 24–27 h a week), an increase in working hours has a positive impact on their health outcomes, but thereafter an increase in working hours hurts health outcomes. When weekly working hours exceed 50 h, an individual\'s health status is worse than when he is not working at all.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">How does work affect health? Is work bad for health? Does work have any health benefits? </span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;Some papers examine the</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><em style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">extensive</span></em><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">margin of work (working or not working), for example, by examining the impact of unemployment and job loss on health outcomes. Using fixed-effect models for Australian, Canadian, and UK panel data,</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">shows that the shift from being employed to being unemployed has adverse effects on mental health. On the other hand, using German data&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">finds no significant effect of plant closures on various health outcomes.</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">finds no immediate effect, but rather a delayed impact of retirement on mental health. Another stream of research on the extensive margin examines whether retirement has any impact on cognitive functioning and health. </span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Overall, these studies tend to suggest that retirement hurts cognitive functioning, but has positive impacts on health outcomes.</span><img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-11-02/73408a2b-4c52-4391-b4e5-9520f22392b5.png\" style=\"width: 100%;\"><p id=\"p0045\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Other papers examine the&nbsp;</span><em style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">intensive</span></em><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;margin of work, that is, the number of hours worked. The main focus of these analyses is on the effects of working long hours on various health outcomes. </span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;Assuming that the injury risk is a quadratic function of working hours, they find that the function is convex, which indicates that shortening very long working hours could be effective in reducing the injury rate. However, previous studies do not examine the effects of moderate working hours on health, or the optimal number of hours worked.</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;indicate that having a part-time job, as compared to a full-time job, has a positive impact on the health of people who are satisfied with their working hours. For males,&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;finds that compared to working full-time, working overtime leads to a worsening of mental health outcomes.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">This highlights the fact that the relationship between work and health may not be linear. Work can be a double-edged sword in that it can have both positive and negative effects. Interactions with people at work may help maintain an individual\'s cognitive functions and his/her mental health. Moreover, working individuals have more incentive to invest in health repair activities to be ‘fit’ in the labor market. On the other hand, long working hours can cause fatigue and stress on both physical and mental levels which potentially damage an individual\'s overall health and reduce the amount of time that can be invested in health repair activities. Most of the previous studies treat long working hours as a 0–1 dummy variable which defines long working hours as working more than 50 or 60 h per week. This means that they implicitly assume that long working hours have a constant shift effect on health status. They do not deal with the potential non-linear effects of working hours on health.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">The rest of this paper is organized as follows: Section 2</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;provides a brief description of the Australian pension system. Section 3&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">describes the data and Section 4</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;presents the empirical framework used in this paper. Section 5</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;reports the results of the estimation and discusses their implications. The last section concludes this paper.</span><img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-11-02/8e2af6cd-af99-4513-9814-4501e6ea08d6.jpeg\" style=\"width: 100%;\"></p><h2 id=\"sectitle0040\" class=\"u-h3 u-margin-l-top u-margin-xs-bottom\" style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(80, 80, 80); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; margin-top: 32px !important; margin-bottom: 8px !important; font-size: 1.2rem !important; line-height: 1.333 !important;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Australian pension system</span></b></h2><p id=\"p0075\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">In Australia, the timing of retirement is closely related to the pension system. Retirement income consists of three sources: a means-tested public pension, a mandatory employer-contributed private retirement savings account, and voluntary private retirement savings. Since there is no mandatory retirement age in Australia, an elderly Australian can also continue to work to supplement his/her pension.</span></p><p id=\"p0080\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">The maximum benefit payment from the public age pension is set at 25% of the male total average earnings. Since the introduction of the good and service tax in 2000, a supplement for compensation has been added to the payment. The maximum basic rates of the public pension were A$10,262.20 per annum for the standard rate and A$8,569.60 per annum for the partnered rate in September 2001. In September 2012, at the time of HILDA Wave 12, the maximum standard rate had been increased to A$ 18,512.00 and the partnered rate to A$ 13,954.20. It is important to note that the maximum benefit is subject to both an income test and an asset test.</span></p><p id=\"p0085\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Age and residency conditions are also applied for eligibility for an age pension. To satisfy the residency condition, individuals are required to have been residents in Australia for at least ten years. The age pension eligibility age for males was set at 65 in 1909</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. That is, for many Australians, the aged pension provides an important source of income.</span></p><div style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><p id=\"p0090\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">On 12 May 2009, the Australian government announced that starting in 2017 the qualifying age for the aged pension for males would be gradually increased from 65 to 67 by 2023.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">As can be seen from</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;this policy change raised the pension eligibility ages for males in the “younger” generations from 65 to 65.5, 66, 66.5, or 67 depending on their birthdates. For males born before or on 30 June 1952, there was no change in their pension eligibility age. We will use variations in the pension eligibility age to identify the labor supply behavior of the middle age and elderly male workers in Australia.</span></p></div></p>','2022-10-24 04:30:32.737350','uploads/news/th_1.jpeg',1,'SSM - Population Health','In addition, we focus on the ‘use it too much and lose everything’ hypothesis which refers to the situation where working too much can lead to not just a loss of cognitive functioning (see Kajitani, McKenzie, & Sakata, 2017), but also declines in health status across the board.',6,168,'Science direct'),(52259,'Waste-to-energy nexus: An overview of technologies and implementation for sustainable development','waste-to-energy-nexus-an-overview-of-technologies-and-implementation-for-sustainable-development','2022-10-27 09:47:15.811626','<p>Energy acts as a driver for the globe. It is a factor of production. Thus, it acts as a nexus for sustainable development. The energy requirements are fulfilled through various energy sources like coal, natural gas, etc.&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-26/32de7f26-846e-47ef-855d-4555653c9b6a.webp\" style=\"width: 236.17px; height: 236.17px;\"><br></p><h3 class=\"\"><b><u>Keywords</u></b>: energy, MSW, Waste-to-Energy, Thermochemical, Biochemical, Incineration,&nbsp;&nbsp;Pyrolysis, Gasification, Anaerobic digestion, Landfilling&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<br>&nbsp;</h3><p>Over the past years, the population has experienced rapid growth. This also increased energy demands. But, these fossil fuels have limited reserves and in the coming years, they will not be able to fulfill the energy needs. </p><p>As the population is increasing, Municipal solid waste(MSW) has also experienced steady growth. It is referred to as non-hazardous garbage which is produced from domestic, commercial, and industrial activities. It consists of various biodegradable and recyclable materials. According to the report published by World Bank, the global MSW generation in 2018 was approximately 2.01 billion tonnes.</p><p>The energy in the MSW can be extracted through Waste-to-Energy(WtE) technologies. There are significant steps have been taken to incorporate WtE technologies as a part of Waste Management. There are two main processes of WtE technologies:</p><p>1. Thermochemical</p><p>2. Biochemical</p><p><br></p><p>1. <b><u>Thermochemical conversion:</u></b></p><p>In this process, carbonaceous organic matter is decomposed under high temperatures to produce heat energy, fuel oil, or gas. The technological options under this process include:</p><p>1). Incineration:</p><p>In this method, MSW is directly burnt in an excess oxygen supply in a furnace, temperature range of 800<sup>0&nbsp;</sup>C - 1000<sup style=\"font-size: 10.5px;\">0&nbsp;</sup>C﻿. It leads to the production of heat and ash. This method helps in reducing the land space needed for landfilling by reducing the mass of waste by 70-80% and reducing the volume by 80-90%.</p><p>2). Pyrolysis:</p><p>Pyrolysis involves the decomposition of MSW in a space that is deficient in oxygen. The temperature range is high i.e. 300 - 900<sup style=\"font-size: 10.5px;\">0&nbsp;</sup>C. It leads to the production of different forms of energy carriers such as char, pyrolysis oil, and combustible gases.</p><p>3). Gasification:</p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica;\">Gasification is an advanced thermal treatment process. It involves the decomposition of MSW at a high-temperature range of 550-1600</span><sup style=\"font-size: 10.5px;\">0&nbsp;</sup>C in a controlled supply of oxidant.</p><p><br></p><p>&nbsp;2.&nbsp;<b><u> Biochemical conversion</u>:</b></p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; It involves the decomposition of the biodegradable organic compound under the influence of bacteria. The microbial action can either take place in the presence of oxygen or in the absence of oxygen. The main technological pathways are:</p><p>1). Anaerobic digestion</p><p>2). Landfilling&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p><br></p><p>Selection of WtE technology w.r.t an area depends on various factors such as technical, economic, environmental, and social. The criteria for consideration include waste composition and characteristics, land area requirement, capital, technological complexity coupled with labor skills requirements, and geographical locations.</p><p>Sustainable development means satisfying the present needs without damaging that of future generations. Production of energy from WtE will create more job opportunities and stimulate economic growth. According to a previous study, a WtE plant can employ over 100 people. WtE technologies have been recognized as clean energy technologies. They have the capability of ensuring a clean society and fostering energy security. They ensure adequate treatment of the effluent for a cleaner environment. It ensures the production of renewable and sustainable energy along with achieving a circular economy. It has also proved to be positive in terms of reduction in Global warming.</p>','2022-10-24 17:31:19.177096','uploads/news/sustainability-7356521__340.webp',1,'Cleaner Energy Systems','Waste-to-energy nexus: An overview of technologies and implementation for sustainable development',5,134,'<h2 class=\"section-title u-h3 u-margin-l-top u-margin-xs-bottom\" style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 24px; color: rgb(80, 80, 80); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; margin-top: 32px !important; line-height: 1.333 !important;\"><br></h2><section class=\"bibliography-sec\" id=\"cebibsec1\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; 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padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Sustainable Cities and Society,&nbsp;52&nbsp;(2020), pp.&nbsp;1-10</font></span></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><font color=\"#000000\"><br></font></div></dd><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772783122000334#bbib0012\" id=\"ref-id-bib0012\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; cursor: pointer;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">AYODELE et al., 2018b</font></span></a></dt><dd class=\"reference\" id=\"sbref0012\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 48px; padding: 0px;\"><div class=\"contribution\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">T.R.&nbsp;AYODELE,&nbsp;A.S.O.&nbsp;OGUNJUYIGBE,&nbsp;M.A.&nbsp;ALAO</font></span><div id=\"ref-id-sbref0012\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span class=\"title\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: bolder; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Economic and environmental assessment of electricity generation using biogas from organic fraction of municipal solid waste for the city of Ibadan, Nigeria</font></span></div></div><div class=\"host\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Journal of Cleaner Production,&nbsp;203&nbsp;(2018), pp.&nbsp;718-735</font></span></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><font color=\"#000000\"><br></font></div></dd><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772783122000334#bbib0013\" id=\"ref-id-bib0013\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; cursor: pointer;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">BAKER and LETSOELA, 2016</font></span></a></dt><dd class=\"reference\" id=\"sbref0013\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 48px; padding: 0px;\"><div class=\"contribution\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">M.&nbsp;BAKER,&nbsp;N.&nbsp;LETSOELA</font></span><div id=\"ref-id-sbref0013\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span class=\"title\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: bolder; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Implementation of the Landfill Methane Gas to Electricity Project in the City of Johannesburg: Waste Sector Contibutionto Low Carbon Economy</font></span></div></div><div class=\"host\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">23rd WasteCon Conference,&nbsp;Emperors Palace Johanneburg&nbsp;(2016)</font></span></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><font color=\"#000000\"><br></font></div></dd><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772783122000334#bbib0014\" id=\"ref-id-bib0014\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; cursor: pointer;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">BEYENE et al., 2018</font></span></a></dt><dd class=\"reference\" id=\"sbref0014\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 48px; padding: 0px;\"><div class=\"contribution\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">H.D.&nbsp;BEYENE,&nbsp;A.A.&nbsp;WERKNEH,&nbsp;T.G.&nbsp;AMBAYE</font></span><div id=\"ref-id-sbref0014\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span class=\"title\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: bolder; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Current updates on waste to energy (WtE) technologies: a review</font></span></div></div><div class=\"host\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Renewable Energy Focus,&nbsp;24&nbsp;(2018), pp.&nbsp;1-11</font></span></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><font color=\"#000000\"><br></font></div></dd><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772783122000334#bbib0015\" id=\"ref-id-bib0015\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; cursor: pointer;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">BOSMANS et al., 2013</font></span></a></dt><dd class=\"reference\" id=\"sbref0015\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 48px; padding: 0px;\"><div class=\"contribution\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">A.&nbsp;BOSMANS,&nbsp;I.&nbsp;VANDERREYDT,&nbsp;D.&nbsp;GEYSEN,&nbsp;L.&nbsp;HELSEN</font></span><div id=\"ref-id-sbref0015\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span class=\"title\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: bolder; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">The crucial role of Waste-to-Energy technologies in enhanced landfill mining: a technology review</font></span></div></div><div class=\"host\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Journal of Cleaner Production,&nbsp;55&nbsp;(2013), pp.&nbsp;10-23</font></span></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><br></div></dd></dl></section>'),(52817,'COVID-19 pandemic and Economic Impacts in Arab countries: Challenges and Policies','covid-19-pandemic-and-economic-impacts-in-arab-countries-challenges-and-policies','2022-10-25 15:53:52.480056','<p><b>The coronavirus pandemic threatens to plunge millions in the Arab region into poverty and food insecurity.</b>......\r\n</p><p>Covid-19 will be responsible for pushing a further 8.3 million people in&nbsp; the Arab region into poverty, according to a new policy brief issued on 19th Oct. by the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia(ESCWA)&nbsp;<span style=\"font-family: Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\">And the pandemic could also bump up the number of undernourished people there by some two million.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\">Current estimates show that there are some 101.4 million in the region who already live in poverty, according to official criteria, and around 52 million undernourished.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\">“The consequences of this crisis will be particularly severe on vulnerable groups”,</span><span style=\"font-family: Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;said&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\">ESCWA Executive Secretary, Rola Dashti, pointing especially to “women and young adults, and those working in the informal sector who have no access to social protection and unemployment insurance”.&nbsp;</span></p><p style=\"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-family: Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Because of a high dependence on food imports within the Arab world, a disruption in global medical supplies to deal with the pandemic, will also have a severe impact on food security there, says ESCWA.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Meanwhile, in addition to food loss and waste, worth around $60 billion annually across the region, the brief highlighted other likely economic losses, due to knock-on effects of the virus.</span></p><p style=\"margin-bottom: 1rem; font-family: Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-25/f0475eb9-5678-4d6b-aae5-c6979cbcbe97.png\" style=\"width: 698.013px;\"><br></p><h3 style=\"font-family: &quot;Roboto Condensed&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.3; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-size: calc(1.275rem + 0.3vw); text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">A volunteer provides food to a child in a residential neighbourhood of Karbala in Iraq after the imposition of curfews due to the coronavirus. UNDP Iraq/Abdullah Dhiaa Al-deen UNDP Iraq/Abdullah Dhiaa Al-deen</span><span style=\"font-weight: 700;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);\"><font color=\"#000000\"><br></font></span></span></h3><h3 style=\"font-family: &quot;Roboto Condensed&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.3; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-size: calc(1.275rem + 0.3vw); text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 700;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);\"><font color=\"#000000\"><br></font></span></span></h3><h3 style=\"font-family: &quot;Roboto Condensed&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.3; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-size: calc(1.275rem + 0.3vw); text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 700;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);\"><font color=\"#000000\">What action can be taken to lessen the impact?</font></span></span></h3><div><span style=\"font-family: Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; text-align: justify;\">According to ESCWA:</span></div><div><span style=\"font-family: Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><br></span></div><ul><li><span style=\"font-family: Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px;\">reducing food loss and waste by 50 per cent would not only increase household income by some $20 billion, but also significantly improve food availability, reduce food imports and improve the balance of trade throughout the whole region</span></li></ul><div><span style=\"font-family: Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><br></span></div><div><ul><li style=\"margin-bottom: 1rem; font-family: Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Ms. Dashti encouraged Arab Governments to ensure “a swift emergency response to protect their people from falling into poverty and food insecurity owing to the impact of COVID-19</span></li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 1rem; font-family: Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Last week, she</span> <span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">called for the establishment of a regional social solidarity fund to care for vulnerable countries.&nbsp;</span></li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 1rem; font-family: Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">“The regional emergency response must support national efforts and mobilize resources and expertise to protect the poor and vulnerable”, concluded the Executive Secretary.&nbsp;</span></li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 1rem; font-family: Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">At the same time, Khalid Abu-Ismail, Senior Economist at ESCWA, highlighted four measures that can be taken to mitigate the crisis, beginning with extending credit to small businesses and enterprises.</span></li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 1rem; font-family: Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">He also stressed the importance of building on social networks and expanding on cash and other transfers to the poor and vulnerable and encouraged countries to give “more access to the food insecure population” through the existing voucher system</span></li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 1rem; font-family: Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Mr. Abu-Ismail also highlighted the importance of other initiatives such as Arab Food Security Emergency Funds. As one of five UN regional commissions, ESCWA supports inclusive and sustainable economic and social development in Arab States and works on enhancing regional integration.&nbsp;</span><div><div id=\"block-content-footer\" class=\"block block-simple-block block-simple-block-content-footer block-content-footer\"><div class=\"content block__content\"><h2 class=\"block-title\" style=\"font-family: &quot;Roboto Condensed&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-weight: 700; line-height: 1.3; color: rgb(77, 77, 77); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-size: calc(1.3rem + 0.6vw); text-transform: uppercase;\">&nbsp;</h2></div></div><span style=\"text-align: justify;\"><br></span><span style=\"font-weight: 700;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);\"><font color=\"#000000\"><br></font></span></span></div><div class=\"views-element-container block block-views block-views-block-content-fields-block-body\" id=\"block-views-block-content-fields-block-body\"><div class=\"content block__content\"><div class=\"view view-content-fields view-id-content_fields view-display-id-block_body js-view-dom-id-c3e23f8810fb700cee121ebc1b33b6893ef005316018a30648ef4384223f488e\"><div class=\"view-content\"><div class=\"views-row\"><div class=\"views-field views-field-field-news-story\"><div class=\"field-content\"><div class=\"paragraph paragraph--type--one-column-text paragraph--view-mode--default\" style=\"margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem;\"><div class=\"lc-section lc-section-838 layoutcomponents-one-column container lc-inline_section-edit\" style=\"padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; width: 750px; max-width: 48.375rem; height: auto;\"><div class=\"lc-inline_container-section-edit\"><div class=\"row lc-container-cols lc-inline_row-edit\" style=\"margin-right: calc(-0.5 * var(--bs-gutter-x)); margin-left: calc(-0.5 * var(--bs-gutter-x)); --bs-gutter-x:1.5rem; --bs-gutter-y:0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: calc(-1 * var(--bs-gutter-y));\"><div class=\"lc-inline_column_first-edit layoutcomponent-column col-md\" style=\"flex: 1 0 0%; width: 773.996px; max-width: 100%; padding-right: calc(var(--bs-gutter-x) * 0.5); padding-left: calc(var(--bs-gutter-x) * 0.5); margin-top: var(--bs-gutter-y); -webkit-box-flex: 1; z-index: 1;\"><div data-region=\"first\" class=\"layout-builder__region js-layout-builder-region lc-inline_column_first-content-edit\"><div class=\"block block-layout-builder block-field-block-paragraph-one-column-text-field-text-column\"><div class=\"content block__content\"><div class=\"clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text-column field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><h3 style=\"font-family: &quot;Roboto Condensed&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 1.3; margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; font-size: calc(1.275rem + 0.3vw); text-align: justify;\"><br></h3><p style=\"margin-bottom: 1rem; text-align: justify;\"><br></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></li></ul><div class=\"views-element-container block block-views block-views-block-content-fields-block-body\" id=\"block-views-block-content-fields-block-body\" style=\"font-family: Roboto, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><div class=\"content block__content\"><div class=\"view view-content-fields view-id-content_fields view-display-id-block_body js-view-dom-id-c3e23f8810fb700cee121ebc1b33b6893ef005316018a30648ef4384223f488e\"><div class=\"view-content\"><div class=\"views-row\"><div class=\"views-field views-field-field-news-story\"><div class=\"field-content\"><div class=\"paragraph paragraph--type--one-column-text paragraph--view-mode--default\" style=\"margin-top: 1rem; margin-bottom: 1rem;\"><div class=\"lc-section lc-section-838 layoutcomponents-one-column container lc-inline_section-edit\" style=\"width: 750px; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; max-width: 48.375rem; height: auto;\"><div class=\"lc-inline_container-section-edit\"><div class=\"row lc-container-cols lc-inline_row-edit\" style=\"--bs-gutter-x:1.5rem; --bs-gutter-y:0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: calc(-1 * var(--bs-gutter-y)); margin-right: calc(-0.5 * var(--bs-gutter-x)); margin-left: calc(-0.5 * var(--bs-gutter-x));\"><div class=\"lc-inline_column_first-edit layoutcomponent-column col-md\" style=\"flex: 1 0 0%; width: 773.996px; max-width: 100%; padding-right: calc(var(--bs-gutter-x) * 0.5); padding-left: calc(var(--bs-gutter-x) * 0.5); margin-top: var(--bs-gutter-y); -webkit-box-flex: 1; z-index: 1;\"><div data-region=\"first\" class=\"layout-builder__region js-layout-builder-region lc-inline_column_first-content-edit\"><div class=\"block block-layout-builder block-field-block-paragraph-one-column-text-field-text-column\"><div class=\"content block__content\"><div class=\"clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-text-column field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 0px;\"><br></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>','2022-10-24 18:38:39.064812','uploads/news/Medical_staff.jpg',1,'Research in Globalization','The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed fault lines, fissures and fragilities in societies and economies around the world – and the Arab region is no exception.',6,4,'UN news'),(53056,'pH sensing: Why plants can’t have it all','ph-sensing-why-plants-cant-have-it-all','2022-10-31 14:25:25.819425','<p>It is the mechanisms by which plants sense the pH of their environment largely obscure. According to study revealed that plants employ an interlaced bimodal peptide receptor system to monitor the pH of the root apoplast, a readout that prioritizes either growth or defense.</p><p>As....Each andEvery hospitable habitat is defined by its pH, a property that can undergo dramatic changes in space and time. Information on ambient pH is critical for virtually all organisms which are under all circumstances, and often able to sense the external hydrogen ion concentration has become a decisive factor for survival. This is held in particular for plants, which lack motility and depend on rapid adaptive responses to change their environment.&nbsp; Plants tightly govern the pH of the cytoplasm and also their organelles within a narrow range, constantly recalibrating the concentration ofthe protons to a signature value typically observed in the respective cell compartments. </p><p>This control does not end at the cell membrane but extends into the extracellular space of root cells, in which the hydrogen ion concentration remains stable even after exposure to media with differentpH1. Since the pH of the root environment dictates processes that are crucial for plant ﬁtness and survival — such as cell wall properties and also the concentration of its essential or potentially toxic minerals —assuming that plants employ means to measure external pH is a tempting thought. Plants rapidly respond to changes in external pH with pronounced changes in transcriptional proﬁles, supporting this supposition2. Systems that can sense external pH and trigger responses that adapt the cells to the prevailing conditions have evolved in organisms across all kingdoms of life, including bacterial, yeast, and mammalian cells3. Conspicuously, no such system has been described in plants yet.<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-31/84340e8b-83a7-4096-85e8-74f65e1938b4.png\" style=\"width: 100%;\"></p><p> A recent study published in Cell appears to have solved the long-standing enigma of pH-sensing in plants4. Using Arabidopsis thaliana as a model, the authors discovered a bimodal pH-sensing system that uses information on the current pH of the apoplast to tip the balance between two essential tasks of root cells — growth and pathogen defense&nbsp;</p><p> By connecting adjacent cells, the root apoplast acts as a hub for environmental information perceived from biotic and abiotic factors5. Changes in apoplastic were shown to be sufﬁcient to alter root growth6,7, putting the mechanisms involved in decoding such information to steer downstream events in the spotlight. The apoplastic plant pH-sensing system described by Liu et al. consists of two components, each of which is comprised of a small peptide secreted from the cell interior into the apoplast and their respective receptors residing in the plasma membrane&nbsp;</p><p> In line with classical acid growth theory, which states that low apoplastic pH supports growth by loosening the rigid cell wall surrounding plant cells8, the results from Liu et al. show that perception of acidity triggers a cascade of downstream events that, ultimately, supports growth and suppresses protection. At very low pH, a small peptide — referred to as root meristem growth factor (RGF) — is post-transcriptionally activated by sulfonation of a tyrosine residue, which establishes binding of the peptide to its receptor GPR and the co-receptor SERK, both residing in the root apical meristem9. Alkaline pH, this sulfotyrosine residue is</p><p><img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-31/9a5fac19-a2b7-45da-b93a-c53fef5480de.png\" style=\"width: 100%;\"><br></p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Above and beyond the mechanisms underlying perception of external proton levels, Liu et al. show that monitoring the pH in the plant apoplastoptimizes the trade-off between defense and growth, a compromise that prevents plants from allocating too many resources to the root apical meristem while ﬁghtingoff pathogens. Cessation of growth caused by elevated pH makes the cell wall more rigid and protective against harmful bacteria or other infectious agents. Decisions of how to allocate limited resources need to be carefully balanced to optimize the plant’s ﬁtness........</span></p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><b>Over the past decades......</b></span></p><ul><li><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"> it remained unclear whether responses of plants to alterations in external pH are a ‘red herring’ (i.e., a clue leading away from more important questions), or indicative of the existence of a bona ﬁde pH-sensing mechanism in plants.</span></li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">The latter scenario resembles ‘Chekhov\'s gun principle where a seemingly unimportant detail becomes signiﬁcant later on, as, for example, a loaded gun mentioned at the beginning of a story that is ﬁred at some point. </span></li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">The study by Li et al. decided their herring versus Chekhov\'s gun convention in Chekhov\'s favor but also raised the obvious question as to whether this is all there is. </span></li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">Alterations in apoplastic are triggered by and associated with disparate biological processes such as development, abiotic stress, and the availability of essential mineral nutrients, necessitating behavioral responses that are tailored to adapt the plant to thesespeciﬁc conditions. It is hard to imagine that such multifaceted tasks can&nbsp;</span><br></li></ul>','2022-10-25 20:24:13.116599','uploads/news/Ph_plants.webp',1,'CELL - Current Biology- Current','pH sensing: Why plants can\'t have it all Curr Biol. 2022 Oct 24;32 (20):R1039-R1041. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.08.079.ABSTRACTThe mechanisms by which plants sense the pH of their environment remained largely obscure.',6,10,'ScienceDirect'),(53095,'Changes in nuclear pore numbers control nuclear import and stress response of mouse hearts','changes-in-nuclear-pore-numbers-control-nuclear-import-and-stress-response-of-mouse-hearts','2022-10-31 14:04:37.835711','<ul style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: outside none; font-family: Roboto, &quot;helvetica neue&quot;, helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px;\"><li class=\"va-top ov-h\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 4px; padding: 0px; vertical-align: top; overflow: hidden; zoom: 1;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Experimental reduction of the nuclear&nbsp;pore&nbsp;numbers&nbsp;decreased&nbsp;nuclear&nbsp;import&nbsp;of signaling proteins, resulting in decreased expression of immediate-early genes. In a&nbsp;mouse&nbsp;model of high blood pressure, the reduction of&nbsp;nuclear&nbsp;pore&nbsp;numbers&nbsp;improved adverse heart remodeling and reduced progression to lethal heart failure.</font></span></li></ul><p><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/nuclear-pore\" title=\"Learn more about Nuclear pores from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px; font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Nuclear pores</span></a><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;are so essential for nuclear-cytoplasmic transport. Whether and also how cells change nuclear pores to alter nuclear transport and cellular function is unknown. Here, we try to show that rat heart muscle cells which mean (cardiomyocytes) undergo a 63% is decrease in nuclear pore numbers during maturation, and this changes their responses to extracellular signals. </span></span></p><p><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">The maturation-associated decline in nuclear pore numbers is associated with the lower nuclear import of signaling proteins such as mitogen-activated protein kinase also known as MAPK. According to the experimental reduction of nuclear pore numbers decreased nuclear import of signaling proteins, resulting in decreased expression of immediate-early genes. In a mouse model of high blood pressure, the reduction of nuclear pore numbers improved adverse heart remodeling and reduced progression to lethal heart failure. The decrease in the nuclear pore numbers in cardiomyocyte maturation and resulting functional changes demonstrate how terminally it is differentiated cells permanently alter their handling of information flux across the&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/nuclear-membrane\" title=\"Learn more about nuclear envelope from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">nuclear envelope</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;and, with that, their behavior.</span></span></p><p><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><br></span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">The&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/nuclear-membrane\" title=\"Learn more about nuclear envelope from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">nuclear envelope</span></a><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;is a double&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/phospholipid-bilayer\" title=\"Learn more about phospholipid bilayer from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">phospholipid bilayer</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;that used to separate the nucleus from the cytoplasm.&nbsp;</span></span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/nuclear-pore\" title=\"Learn more about Nuclear pores from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Nuclear pores</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/macromolecule\" title=\"Learn more about transport macromolecules from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">transport macromolecules</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;into and out of the nucleus at a rate of several hundred molecules per second, and this includes&nbsp;</span></span></span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/signal-transduction\" title=\"Learn more about signal transduction from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">signal transduction</span></a><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;proteins that regulate&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/genetic-transcription\" title=\"Learn more about gene transcription from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">gene transcription</span></a>.&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Whether and how cells alter NPs to modulate the access of signal transduction proteins into nuclei and, with that, their transcriptional and functional responses, is unknown.</span></p><p id=\"p0050\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">One property that can be assessed is the number of NPS per nucleus. NP numbers are widely between cell types and species: whereas yeasts have approximately 100 NP per nucleus, newt heart cells have approximately 12,000 Maul and Deaven, 1977</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. NP numbers are constant in the adult rat liver and brain cells, and this suggests that cells establish the NP numbers for their life when they terminally differentiate between D\'Angelo et al.,2009</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. We present the observation that heart muscle cells which mean (cardiomyocytes) decrease the number of their NPS during maturation toward the post-mitotic state, and we have provided evidence for the significance of this decrease for nuclear transport and the response of the heart to stress.</span><img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-31/e649441c-b515-42e3-82d4-e1641db9433e.png\" style=\"width: 100%;\"></p><p id=\"p0055\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#2e2e2e\">After mammalian cardiomyocytes enter the terminally differentiated state and become post-mitotic, they grow by enlargement (hypertrophy). In mice and rats, this transition occurs within weeks after birth and is indicated by the formation of binucleated cardiomyocytes </font><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica;\"><font color=\"#000000\">(</font></span></span><a name=\"bbib14\" href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1534580722007195#bib14\" class=\"workspace-trigger\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Kirillova et&nbsp;al., 2021</font></span></a><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">). Although hypertrophy is a mechanism of developmental heart growth, in terminally differentiated cardiomyocytes, cardiac stress induces maladaptive hypertrophy, and this leads to pathological remodeling of the heart, ultimately resulting in heart failure. Cardiac remodeling due to high blood pressure is a significant public health problem Heineke and also Molkentin,2006</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica;\"><font color=\"#000000\">.</font></span><font color=\"#2e2e2e\"> Cardiac maladaptive remodeling is initiated by extracellular factors that activate G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), which activate intracellular signaling pathways, chiefly the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, leading to gene transcription changes&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Heineke and also Molkentin,2006</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">.</span></p><p id=\"p0055\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"> Although it is cardiac maladaptive signaling at the level of GPCR, RTK, MAPK, and gene transcription is well understood, the fundamental mechanisms which could alter the propagation of these signals into the nucleus to determine the maladaptive response in cardiomyocytes are unknown. We have also developed a hypothesis based on our observation that the number of NPs&nbsp;decreases during cardiomyocyte maturation. We also try to present testing of the hypothesis that the decrease of NP numbers decreases nuclear import of the signaling proteins, and for this changes, adaptive gene transcription, and, with that, improves the cardiac response to stress.</span><img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-31/65613237-5dd6-459e-bc5b-d3012739860c.png\" style=\"width: 698.013px;\"></p><p id=\"p0055\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Conclusion:</span></p><ul><li style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Cardiomyocytes decrease their NP numbers during maturation</span></li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">NPs are cylindrical&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">macromolecular complexes of approximately 120–180&nbsp;nm outer diameter. Multiples of ∼34 different proteins, called&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/nucleoporin\" title=\"Learn more about nucleoporins from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">nucleoporins</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;(Nups), are assembled into NPs consisting of ∼1,000 Nups.</span></span></li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"> Nups are arranged in 8-fold symmetry around a ∼5&nbsp;nm central opening</span></span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. Due to their very large size, individual NPS can be visualized with microscopy. By u</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">sing immunofluorescence&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/confocal-microscopy\" title=\"Learn more about confocal microscopy from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">confocal microscopy</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">, we visualized NPs in less mature (fetal and neonatal) and terminally differentiated adult rat ventricular cardiomyocyte nuclei.</span></span></li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Quantification showed us that the number of NPS per nucleus decreased from 1,856&nbsp;± 66 NPs in fetal (E14.5) to 1,040&nbsp;± 53 in neonatal (P2), and further to 678&nbsp;± 32 in adult (P60) rat cardiomyocytes</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. This overall 2.7-fold decrease corresponds to a 63% decline in the&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/nuclear-pore\" title=\"Learn more about NP from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">NP</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;number.</span></span></li></ul><p></p>','2022-10-25 20:25:38.086075','uploads/news/1666705562927.jpeg',1,'CELL - Developmental Cell- Current','Experimental reduction of nuclear pore numbers decreased nuclear import of signaling proteins, resulting in decreased expression of immediate-early genes. In a mouse model of high blood pressure, reduction of nuclear pore numbers improved adverse heart remodeling and reduced progression to lethal heart failure.',6,4,'Science direct'),(53097,'A tobit regression model for the timing of smartphone adoption in agriculture','a-tobit-regression-model-for-the-timing-of-smartphone-adoption-in-agriculture','2022-10-27 17:24:46.189298','<p>Smartphones are excellent tools well-suited for applications in agriculture because of their mobility and high data processing power access to agricultural apps, and also compatibility with precision agriculture technologies. Although smartphone adoption and its use of agricultural apps are well-studied, variables influencing the timing of smartphone adoption in agriculture have not been closely examined. Comprehending both the timing when a certain technology is adopted and also it is used to identifying the specific characteristics of early and also late  adopters aids  in the anticipation and thereby the fostering of the diffusion process. This study\'s objective was to analyze the timing of smartphone adoption for agricultural purposes by applying a Tobit regression model was to a data set of 207 German farmers, which was collected in 2019. The result indicates that significant influences on the timing of smartphone adoption in agriculture include farmers\' gender, risk attitude, age, size, and location of their farm, among other factors. And these results may be interesting to several stakeholders in agriculture such as extension services, policymakers, and also researchers as well as smartphone providers and sellers.<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-27/3caf9a0b-e4c4-4ec0-997e-ebf9549c8e59.png\" style=\"width: 100%;\"></p><p><b>Importance</b>:</p><ul><li>Information and communication technologies (ICT) both are important drivers of agriculture production globally.</li><li>ICT has the potential to benefit agriculture production management, production chains, and also marketing of agricultural products.</li><li>ICT can also facilitate the efficient use of natural resources in agriculture and for improving food access and food security.</li><li>Smartphone technology is a fundamental, rapidly evolving sector of ICT.</li><li>Smartphones are multipurpose tools with a high computing capacity, built-in sensors, and mobile internet access. They are very flexible in their functionality through downloading software in the form of applications.</li><li>Just because of advances&nbsp; in technology&nbsp; such as the independence of landline data networks</li></ul><p><br></p><p>Hubler and Hartje 2016 purpose that smartphones play a key role in the development of rural economies and also in technology. That\'s the reason Hubler and Hartje 2016 argue that policymakers should support the diffusion of smartphones in rural communities. Concerning developing countries specifically, the use of smartphones is increasing. Smartphones serve as a valuable access point to financial services and information via mobile internet. Particularly in terms of internet access, farmers in remote areas without landline internet stand to benefit greatly from smartphone access.&nbsp;</p><p>In remote regions, DST in the form of apps plays an important role since they provide access to information from agricultural extension services while specifically tailoring information to the farm site. Therefore smartphones are a key instrument in disseminating knowledge to improve on-farm decision-making and providing access to several stakeholders regardless of the farmer\'s country setting. Apps allow for specific tailoring of functions and information depending on farmers\' needs and location. In this way, smartphone usage can contribute to the sustainable development of agriculture globally.<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-27/dd6bbfe1-1886-4e85-954c-ba8bd18e5730.png\" style=\"width: 698.013px;\"></p><p>The adoption and diffusion of new agriculture technologies are considered a gradual process ...which is dependent on the characteristics of the farmer and farm site.</p><p><b>This study aims to:</b></p><ul><li>Identify farm characteristics and the role of farmers regarding their timing of smartphone adoption.</li><li>For this purpose, the classification of factors affecting PAT by Pierpaolo et al.2013 applied to the timing of smartphone adoption in agriculture.</li></ul>','2022-10-25 20:25:41.457935','uploads/news/th_1.jpg',1,'CELL - Heliyon- Inpress','Smartphones suit several on-farm operational activities and farmers’ daily working routine very well due to their mobility, high computing power and ability to install (agricultural) apps as needed. However, no study has yet focused on factors affecting the timing of adoption. Understanding the timing of a technology adoption and identifying characteristics of early and late adopters is consequently of great relevance to further anticipate the innovation diffusion process. The aim of this study is therefore to analyze the timing of smartphone adoption by applying a tobit regression model to a data set of 207 German farmers collected in 2019. Regression results show that, among other factors, farmers’ age and risk attitude affect the timing of smartphone adoption.',6,168,'<p><a href=\"https://www.wageningenacademic.com/doi/10.3920/978-90-8686-916-9_106\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.wageningenacademic.com/doi/10.3920/978-90-8686-916-9_106</a><br></p>'),(53098,'Response of irrigated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill) to mulch application rates','response-of-irrigated-tomato-solanum-lycopersicum-mill-to-mulch-application-rates','2022-10-28 17:38:49.753737','<p>The rapid decline in available water for crop production has led to the adoption of irrigation schedules for the management of available water resources. However, the loss of water soil and extreme global warming conditions often result in water stress conditions between the schedules. Thus the application of mulch for the conservation of soil moisture in irrigated farming is fast which is becoming popular among smallholder farmers in most tropical environments. In this study, a two-year greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of Pennisetum purpureum(Pp) mulch on tomato which is grown in daily irrigation.<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-28/8d6ce8d4-da90-497f-a40a-cb3a4b61dec9.png\" style=\"width: 100%;\"></p><p>Food and agriculture production are key indices of a nation\'s growth and development. Though great achievements in agriculture have been attained around the world...continuing growth in the human population will always necessitate an increase in competition for water among various users to meet the rising demand for food. Consequently, an increase in water demand over limited resources has led to the continued decline in water resources has led to the continuous decline in water resources for agriculture production. And that\'s the reason behind an urgent need for water management in agricultural production. And this could depend upon the desired frequency of irrigation per crop type, crop variety, and also environment.<br></p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">On other hand, mulch application is a practice that could enhance irrigation water management and soil moisture content, with a consequent effect on plant growth. Mulching has been reported to play an important role in irrigation water management and also in crop production.</span></p><p><img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-28/ccec0e73-7902-47d4-9bff-0326debf76ff.png\" style=\"width: 698.013px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><br></span></p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><br></span></p><ul><li><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">The study was conducted in 2015 (Year 1)&nbsp;</span></li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"> 2016 (Year 2) in the greenhouse (Latitude 07° 27ʹ 06.4ʹʹ N and Longitude 03° 53ʹ 46.1ʹʹ E) of the Department of Soil Resources Management, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. </span></li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">The average minimum and maximum temperature of the greenhouse during the study were 20℃ and 30℃, respectively. </span></li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">The soil used for the study was obtained from the Teaching and Research Farm, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. The farm has been used for maize and vegetable cultivation for several decades. The soil is an Alfisol classified as Typic kandiustalf, It was locally classified as the Ibadan series (Smyth and Montgomery, 1962). Soil samples were randomly collected at 0-30 cm and homogenized before being taken to the laboratory for routine analyses using standard procedures. </span></li><li><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">The baseline chemical properties and particle size distribution of the soil are presented in Table 1. The soil organic carbon was 46.6 g k-1 and 45.2 g k-1 in years 1 and 2 respectively, while corresponding values for total nitrogen were 0.6 g k-1 and 0.5 g kg-1, respectively. The soil pH was acidic in both years of the study but higher in year 1 than in year 2. The textural class of the soil was loamy sand as shown by its high sand content.</span></li></ul><p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><br></span></p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><b>Result(effect):</b></span></p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">The effects of irrigation frequencies and mulch application rates on tomato stem diameter in years 1 and 2 are illustrated. Stem diameter only differed significantly among the irrigation frequencies at 6 WAT. Results showed that peak values at 9 WAT were statistically similar, but lower by 1.4% in IF3 and IF5 relative to IFdaily in year 1, In year 2, stem diameter only differed significantly among the irrigation frequencies at 9 WAT and was lower in IF3 and IF5 by 2.8% and 4.9% compared with daily, respectively. Among mulch rates, stem diameter differed significantly and was in the order of Pp4 &gt; Pp3 &gt; Pp2 &gt; Pp1 &gt; Pp0 in years 1 and 2, respectively...</span></p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\"><br></span><br></p><p><b>Conclusion:</b></p><p>The growth and yield of tomatoes were significantly affected by irrigation frequency across mulch application of rates. While the reduction in irrigation frequency reduced fresh fruit weight tomato, with the 5days of irrigation interval causing a substantial decrease in tomato yield, the 3-day irrigation interval which was comparable to daily irrigation in the production of yield.</p><p><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;Furthermore, there was a marked improvement in tomato yield following mulch application, and the application of Pp3 appeared promising in improving tomato yield over the two years. In general, the contributions in irrigation and mulch combination to improving tomato yield exceeded those of their application, and IF3+Pp4 was not substantially different from IFdaily+Pp4, which was superior in yield production. That\'s why IF3+Pp4 appears most effective for irrigation water management and the improvement of tomato yield. Therefore, irrigating tomatoes at 3 days intervals and mulching with Pennisetum purpureum at 4 t ha-1 could provide an additive effect on water management and tomato yield.&nbsp;</span><br></p>','2022-10-25 20:25:42.321570','uploads/news/gr6.jpg',1,'CELL - Heliyon- Inpress','Tomato yield reduced in IF 3 (by 53.6% and 26.6%) and IF 5 (by 86.2% and 65.0%) compared with IF daily in the first and second year, respectively. Among mulch rates, Pp 4 and Pp 3 increased tomato yield by 107.5% and 99.9% relative to Pp 0, respectively, while Pp 2 and Pp 1 were similar in the first year.',6,42,'Department of Soil Resource Management'),(53100,'Well-being and Relative Deprivation in a Digital Era','well-being-and-relative-deprivation-in-a-digital-era','2022-10-28 16:22:48.227252','<p><b>What is the theory of relative deprivation:-</b></p><ul><li>It is believed that people join social moments based on their evaluations of what they think they should have compared with what others have.</li></ul><p>&nbsp;</p><p>Social unrest is a feature of the early 21st century, yet relatively little research binds theoretical aspects with empirical validations of the drivers of protest and with also revolutions. The study aims to empirically validate the Davies J-curve considering the digital era, with economic, social, and also political factors.&nbsp;<span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\">.<span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"> Using&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/big-data-technique\" title=\"Learn more about big data techniques from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">big data techniques</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">,&nbsp;</span></span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/electric-network-analysis\" title=\"Learn more about network analysis from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">network analysis</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">, and theoretical analysis, they analyzed countries\' similarities by analyzing&nbsp;</span></span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/human-development-index\" title=\"Learn more about Human Development Index from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px; font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Human Development Index</span></a><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;(HDI) and Worldwide&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/governance\" title=\"Learn more about Governance from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Governance</span></a><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;Indicator (WGI) as proxies of social well-being. Results (conclusion) established the existence of a J-Curve during social crises in countries before the occurrence of large-scale social unrest.&nbsp; Additionally, the results suggest that HDI was not a sufficient indicator regarding countries\' experienced well-being, likely because it is missing the highly granular aspects of daily life. Further, it is recommended that other indicators from political and psychological areas should be considered and also be treated in the data preparation phase for further society-wide well-being research for a more realistic baseline.</span></span></p><p><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><br></span></span></p><p><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">As. Non-violent and violent protests are increasingly common in recent years across continents and at national developments level. Argued in the digital public square with real-time streaming capabilities and marginal reproduction costs, individuals are airing grievances on declining living standards, perceived radical demographic shifts as well as universal displeasure with the in-place governing institution.</span></span></p><p><img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-28/80a8363b-159f-431a-82bb-4402259b6f86.png\" style=\"width: 698.013px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><br></span></span></p><p><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">In 2019 alone, countries as diverse as...Bolivia, Chile, France, Iran, Hong Kong, and Iraq witnessed large-scale protests the critical disruptions to public life. Economic reasons such as inflation are particularly common factors in which relatively small blows to living standards such as an increase in metro ticket prices in Chile or an increase in gas prices in Iran, target people\'s ability to survive in highly unequal societies.</span></span></p><p><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><br></span></span></p><p><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Technology has accelerated the process of protests since organizing and maintaining protests with increasing....... usage of the internet is easier than in the past</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">, For example, the widespread availability of smartphones gives protesters not only the ability to interact locally for distributing information and also encouragement</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;but technology increases their ability to compare their lives and livelihoods and compare across nascent movements globally.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\">&nbsp;<span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">The research utilizes&nbsp;</span></span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/electric-network-analysis\" title=\"Learn more about network analysis from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px; font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">network analysis</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;to understand if countries that are going through revolutions share indicators at the macroeconomic level, whether they considered are stable or unstable, and whether they follow the J-Curve or not.</span></span></span></p><p><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">The United Nations Human Development Index (HDI)&nbsp; was the main indicator regarding creating the networks and for comparing countries\' well-being along with the worldwide Governance Indicator<br>(WGI) from the world bank</span></span></span></p><p><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Inflation, the life ladder/Happiness Index, national-level internet penetration statistics, and six governance indicators are as :</span></span></span></p><p><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">(voice and accountability, political stability, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, rule of law, and control of corruption) are used for performing cluster analysis.</span></span></span><img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-28/164f7a99-f50e-4323-933e-923063ad6189.png\" style=\"width: 100%;\"></p><p><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Applied network analysis to the Davies J-Curve to evaluate the following questions:</span></span></span></p><ul><li style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">RQ1-Considering subjective and objective measures of human development and well-being, which indicators are most suitable for modeling quality of life?</span></li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">RQ2-What are the similarities between countries regarding the quality of life indicators in a cluster?</span></li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">RQ3-Which recently unstable countries follow the J-Curve?</span></li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">RQ4-Which indicators drive stability or instability over time?</span></li></ul><p style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><br></span></p><p style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><b>Governance and well-being:</b></span></p><ul><li style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Governance has been defined as \"the traditions and institutions by which authority in a country is exercised</span></li></ul><p><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><br></span><br></span></span></p><p><b><br></b></p><p><br></p>','2022-10-25 20:25:44.504823','uploads/news/IZAWOL.140.ga.png',1,'CELL - Heliyon- Inpress','Social unrest is a feature of the early 21st century, yet relatively little research binds theoretical aspects with empirical validation of the drivers of protests and revolutions. This study aims to empirically validate the Davies J-Curve considering the digital era, with economic, social, and political factors.',6,4,'Science Direct'),(53117,'Observed electric charge of insect swarms and their contribution to atmospheric electricity','observed-electric-charge-of-insect-swarms-and-their-contribution-to-atmospheric-electricity','2022-10-29 12:48:49.992038','<dd class=\"list-description\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px;\"><div style=\"\"><font color=\"#000000\" face=\"Helvetica\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);\"><br></span></font></div></dd><dd class=\"list-description\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 0px 24px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><p style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);\"><font color=\"#000000\">The atmosphere hosts multiple sources of electric charges that are used to influence critical processes like the aggregation of droplets and the removal of dust and aerosols. This is evidenced by the variability of the atmospheric electric field. And these fields are known to respond to physical and geological processes, but the effect of biotic sources of charge has not hitherto been considered.&nbsp;</font></span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">&nbsp;Also, the charge contribution of some&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/insect-swarm\" title=\"Learn more about insect swarms from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px; font-size: 16px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">insect swarms</span></a><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">&nbsp;will be comparable with that of meteorologically induced variations. And the observed transport of charge by insects, therefore, demonstrates an unexplored role of the biogenic space charge for physical and ecological processes in the atmosphere.</span></p><p style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">the earth\'s atmosphere is always electrified to a greater or lesser extent, even in fair weather away from thunderstorms. And fossil evidence of pale lightning indicates this is unlikely to be a new phenomenon geologically, and that\'s why the atmospheric electric field can be regarded as fundamental atmospheric property.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">The continuous monitoring of atmospheric electric fields is essential in developing a detailed understanding of a wide array of atmospheric, biological, and geological processes.</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-size: 16px;\">&nbsp;<span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">According to the study\'s</span>...<span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;new perspective based on the idea that organisms that inhabit the lower atmosphere can act as a source of atmospheric space whose charge and associated atmospheric electrical variability, Insects are well-known to be ubiquitous in the global atmosphere&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">and they can occur in large densities in the lower (∼0–5&nbsp;km altitude) atmosphere</span>.</span></p><p style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-size: 18px; font-family: Helvetica;\"><b>Conclusion:</b></span></p><h3 id=\"sectitle0045\" class=\"u-h4 u-margin-m-top u-margin-xs-bottom\" style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; margin-top: 24px !important; margin-bottom: 8px !important; font-size: 0.9rem !important; line-height: 1.4 !important;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Effect of honeybee swarms on the atmospheric electricity</span></b></h3><ul><ul><li style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-size: 16px;\"><p id=\"p0055\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/insect-swarm\" title=\"Learn more about Insect swarms from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Insect swarms</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;can occur at different altitudes and with different densities, and often consist of a single species (e.g., honeybees, locusts, butterflies,</span></span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;Using published charge measurements of honeybees </span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">and our own calibrated measurements, They have developed a three-dimensional finite element analysis model to computationally evaluate the effect of the swarming honeybees on local atmospheric electric fields. These models of the electric fields around honeybee swarms highlight the appreciable perturbing influence that they may have on their local electrical environment&nbsp;</span></p><p id=\"p0055\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><br></span><b style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;Effect of honeybee swarms on the atmospheric potential gradient, PG</b></p><ul><li style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;Honeybees passing the electric field monitor at the experimental site.</span></li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/finite-element-modeling\" title=\"Learn more about Finite element model from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Finite element model</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;illustrating the potential effect of a honeybee swarm on atmospheric PG which is in V/m. Color scale truncated above 300&nbsp;V/m.</span></li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;Atmospheric PG and honeybee swarm density which is expressed as the pixel density, Px( Inset shows dynamics in PG for both the honeybee swarm (red) and open field conditions (blue).</span></li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Cross-correlation analysis between an atmospheric PG and honeybee swarm density.</span></li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">And also,&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/linear-regression-analysis\" title=\"Learn more about Linear regression analysis from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Linear regression analysis</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;between atmospheric PG and honeybee swarm density.</span></li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;Changes in between atmospheric PG in response to another honeybee swarming event.</span></li></ul><p id=\"fspara0040\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-26/fff7ccf0-c8df-46a6-8fbf-03dc989bcb7d.png\" style=\"width: 372.991px;\"><br></p><p id=\"fspara0045\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><b><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Effect of a locust swarm on the atmospheric potential gradient and the significance of insect swarm compared with&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/meteorological-condition\" title=\"Learn more about meteorological conditions from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">meteorological conditions</span></a></b></p><ul><li style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;Example of a locust swarm (Courtesy: Bilal Tarabey-AFP).</span></li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/finite-element-modeling\" title=\"Learn more about Finite element model from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Finite element model</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;showing the effect of a locust swarm on the atmospheric PG, Color scale truncated above 300 V/m.</span></li><li style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;Charge densities of several swarming insect species and also meteorological phenomena – from top to bottom, honeybee </span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/lepidoptera\" title=\"Learn more about Lepidoptera from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Lepidoptera</span></a></span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">, desert locust</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">, semi-fair-weather clouds, thunderstorm clouds, and electrified dust storms.</span></li></ul></li></ul></ul><p style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-size: 16px;\"><br></p><p style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-size: 16px;\"><br></p></dd>','2022-10-25 20:37:34.002786','uploads/news/1-s2.0-S2589004222015139-fx1.jpg',1,'CELL - iScience- Inpress','This revealed that the charge contribution of some insect swarms can be comparable with that of meteorologically-induced variations. The observed transport of charge by insects therefore demonstrates an unexplored role of biogenic space charge for physical and ecological processes in the atmosphere.',6,125,'Science Direct'),(53123,'Learning shapes cortical dynamics to enhance integration of relevant sensory input','learning-shapes-cortical-dynamics-to-enhance-integration-of-relevant-sensory-input','2022-10-27 15:01:02.044232','<p>Adaptive sensory behavior is thought to be dependent on processing in recurrent cortical circuits, but how dynamics in these circuits shape the integration and transmission of sensory information is not well understood. Here we study neural coding in recurrently connected networks of neurons driven by sensory input. Here they show analytically how information available in the network output varies with alignment between feedforward input and the integrating modes of the circuit dynamics.&nbsp;</p><p><b>Taking into consideration this theory:</b></p><ul><li>It is&nbsp; analyzed neural population activity in the visual cortex of mice that learned to discriminate visual features</li><li>It is also found that over learning, slow patterns of network dynamics realigned to better integrate input relevant to the discrimination task.</li><li>And this realignment of network dynamics could be even explained by the changes in excitatory-inhibitory connectivity amongst neurons turned to relevant features.&nbsp;</li><li>These results also suggest that learning tunes the temporal dynamics of cortical circuits to optimally integrate sensory input</li></ul><p><br></p><p><b><span style=\"font-size: 18px;\">Conclusion:</span></b></p><p><b>Sensory discrimination relies on the temporal integration of optimally weighted sensory input:</b></p><p>&nbsp;It is firstly asked that the dynamic properties of recurrent networks influence their capacity to discriminate sensory inputs. This scenario was considered and also had one of two possible stimuli appear for the duration of its trial. To determine how these inputs should be integrated for optimal discrimination performance, they adopted a signal-processing perspective&nbsp;</p><p>Two noisy stimuli can optimally discriminate from instantaneous sensory input to the network by taking a one-dimensional linear combination of the inputs to various types of neurons[as shown in the below image]weighted according to the \"linear discriminate\"....This is the linear combination of inputs that used to achieve the best comprises between separating the mean inputs under the two stimuli and avoiding projected noise [as shown in below figure&nbsp; 1D]</p><p><br></p><p><img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-27/ecb3f501-f3db-4db6-9567-4d17a28eb357.png\" style=\"width: 693.996px;\"></p><p><b><span style=\"font-size: 12px;\">[Stimulus describes the national performance which is based on the temporal integration of weighted sensory input]</span></b></p><p>Results demonstrate that the network can generate distinct activity patterns in response to two different and also continuous stimuli if it temporarily integrates the input stimuli weighted according to their projection on optimal linear discriminant.</p><p>A: Feedforward inputs to two various neurons</p><p>B: A weighted sum</p><p>C: The temporarily integrated inputs projection for each stimulus&nbsp;</p><p>D: Distributions of instatenuos feedforward for each of the two stimuli</p><p>E: The signal&nbsp;</p><p>F: The instantaneous and temporarily integrated signal-to-noise ratio of these two projections</p><p><br></p><p><br></p><p><br></p>','2022-10-25 20:44:31.826503','uploads/news/Stimulus-discrimination.jpg',1,'CELL - Neuron- Inpress','This realignment of network dynamics could be explained by changes in excitatory-inhibitory connectivity amongst neurons tuned to relevant features. These results suggest that learning tunes the temporal dynamics of cortical circuits to optimally integrate relevant sensory input',6,168,'Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory'),(53140,'Oxidative stress is inhibited by plant-based supplements: a quantitative lipidomic analysis of antioxidant activity and lipid compositional change','oxidative-stress-is-inhibited-by-plant-based-supplements-a-quantitative-lipidomic-analysis-of-antioxidant-activity-and-lipid-compositional-change','2022-10-31 14:24:47.885690','<p><b>Oxidative Stress, Plant natural antioxidants, and Obesity :</b></p><p>Oxidative stress is important in the pathophysiology of obesity, altering regularity factors of mitochondrial activity, modifying the concentration of inflammation mediators associated with a large number and also the size of adipocytes to mature adipocytes, and regulating the energy balance in hypothalamic neurons that control appetite.&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</p><p><b>What is Obesity:</b></p><ul><li>Obesity is a complex disease having an important public health impact worldwide, and its prevalence is increasing.</li><li>it is the result of an individual complex interaction of factors which includes genetic predisposition, diet, metabolism, and also physical activities&nbsp; </li><li>It is related to several severe complications like metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular dysfunction(CVD), and also hypertension&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</li></ul><p><br></p><p><b>Balancing Redox in Obesity:</b></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">The most important site, where intracellular ROS are produced, is mitochondria, due to the leakage of electrons through the respiratory chain. According to research, ROS may also be produced by plasma membrane organelles and systems, such as the endoplasmic reticulum which is known as ER, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and by cytosolic enzymes. ROS/RNS both have many biological effects at low concentrations, including the defense against pathogenic microorganisms, they are mediated by the immune system and intracellular signaling.</span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">At high levels, they damage DNA, lipids as well as proteins, resulting in injury to tissues and cell death.</span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><br></span></p><h3 id=\"sec2dot7-ijms-22-01786title\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; clear: initial; font-family: Cambria, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, stixgeneral, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; line-height: 22.5pt; margin: 20pt 0px 10pt; font-size: 15.795pt; letter-spacing: -0.01em;\"><b style=\"\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Oxidative Stress, Iron Metabolism, and Hepdicin in Obesity</font></span></b></h3><ul><li style=\"box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-top: 20pt; margin-bottom: 20pt; hyphens: none; color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Cambria, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, stixgeneral, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Obesity is characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation that leads to the production of inflammatory cytokines, which is for increasing OS and elevating hepcidin secretion in hepatocytes and macrophages</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. </span></li><li style=\"box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-top: 20pt; margin-bottom: 20pt; hyphens: none; color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Cambria, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, stixgeneral, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Hepcidin is for peptidic hormone, which is mainly produced by the liver, which regulates iron metabolism </span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">The increased OS is used to contribute to the development and progression of various diseases that influence obesity.</span></li><li style=\"box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-top: 20pt; margin-bottom: 20pt; hyphens: none; color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Cambria, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, stixgeneral, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Serum hepcidin is significantly elevated in obese people mostly.</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;Iron induces OS since it is a metal with redox activity. </span></li><li style=\"box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-top: 20pt; margin-bottom: 20pt; hyphens: none; color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Cambria, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, stixgeneral, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">It is also used to enhance ER stress, inflammation, and endocrine dysfunction of adipose tissue. Mechanisms of toxicity mediated by iron modify aspects of the pathogenesis of obesity, resulting in its exacerbation. Free intracellular iron is cytotoxic, promoting the Fenton reaction, and exacerbating OS</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. </span></li><li style=\"box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-top: 20pt; margin-bottom: 20pt; hyphens: none; color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Cambria, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, stixgeneral, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Ferritin is of crucial importance in the protection of the liver against oxidative damage. When there is insufficient positive regulation of ferritin, free iron can exert its pro-oxidant and cytotoxic effects. These molecular events lead to positive feedback in ROS production and contribute to the pathophysiological alterations in obesity. Medicine also targets the intestinal absorption of iron and the function of ferroportin within the cell, thus playing a central role in iron homeostasis</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">.</span></li><li style=\"box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-top: 20pt; margin-bottom: 20pt; hyphens: none; color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Cambria, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, stixgeneral, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Overproduction of hepcidin is a possible cause of obesity-related hypoferremia</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. Excessive secretion of this protein leads to iron sequestration in cells of the reticuloendothelial system. The latter results in increased iron content in adipose tissue, which programs adverse effects and also an overload of local iron.</span></li></ul><h3 id=\"sec2dot3-ijms-22-01786title\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; clear: initial; font-family: Cambria, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, stixgeneral, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; line-height: 22.5pt; margin: 20pt 0px 10pt; font-size: 15.795pt; letter-spacing: -0.01em;\"><img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-26/acff1462-f47b-4c77-a8f5-841ecd9b7538.png\" style=\"width: 698.013px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\"><b>ROS and ER Stress in obesity:</b></font></span></h3><p id=\"__p14\" class=\"p p-first-last\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-top: 20pt; margin-bottom: 20pt; hyphens: none; color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Cambria, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, stixgeneral, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">The ER controls many cellular processes, like inflammation and lipid metabolism, via the unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathway. It also participates in the storage of glucose, proteins, as well as calcium ions. High levels of Ca</span><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; top: -0.5em; font-family: Helvetica;\">2+</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;are released from the ER internal deposits which are used to lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and the generation of mitochondrial ROS. Reactions by ER chaperones and oxidoreductases also generate ROS. Elevated levels of free fatty acids, by including saturated fatty acids, result from the activation of the UPR in many tissues and cell types. Moreover, it makes changes in the lipid composition of the ER to activate the UPR, and these results in modifications of the activity of the Sarco-/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase and the subsequent disequilibrium in homeostasis</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. </span></p><p id=\"__p14\" class=\"p p-first-last\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; line-height: inherit; margin-top: 20pt; margin-bottom: 20pt; hyphens: none; color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Cambria, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, stixgeneral, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 20px;\"><br></p>','2022-10-25 21:18:15.185322','uploads/news/th.jpg',1,'Advances in Redox Research','Oxidative stress is inhibited by plant-based supplements: a quantitative lipidomic analysis of antioxidant activity and lipid compositional change',6,4,'National Library of Medicine'),(53145,'Ozone layer depletion','ozone-layer-depletion','2022-10-26 17:46:41.320861','<p>Environment- a place with numerous living organisms, which consists of a variety of gases. These gases are somewhere useful for the environment while some are harmful too.</p><p><br></p><h3 class=\"\"><b style=\"text-decoration-line: underline;\">Keywords</b>: Environment, global warming, greenhouse gases, ozone, CFC, ozone depletion, stratosphere, troposphere, UV rays</h3><p><br></p><p>The major issue our environment is currently facing is Global warming. Global warming is referred to as an increase in the overall temperature of the earth. It is primarily caused by the emission of excessive carbon dioxide gas into the atmosphere.</p><p>Ozone(O3) depletion is a reduction in the ozone layer. UV rays are very harmful to humans. They cannot be seen, but they are very powerful. The ozone layer protects our earth from these harmful UV rays. Ozone layer depletion occurs due to the emission of Chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs) and halons in the atmosphere.</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-26/3beb801c-8493-46ea-a67a-14f792d5f56b.webp\" style=\"width: 230.889px; height: 215.669px;\"><br></p><p>Ozone is found in two variants in the atmosphere:</p><p>1. Ground-level ozone:</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; It is also known as \"bad\" ozone. This type of ozone is a component of smog. It is present in the lower atmosphere i.e. troposphere.</p><p>2. High-level ozone:</p><p><span style=\"white-space:pre\">		</span>It is also known as \"good\" ozone. It is present in the stratosphere layer of the atmosphere. This layer is responsible for the prevention of harmful UV rays hitting the earth.&nbsp;</p><p>The depletion of the ozone layer is referred to as an \' ozone hole \'. It was discovered by scientists in the 1980s that the ozone layer in the lower stratosphere was decreasing. Thus they termed it an \' ozone hole \'.</p><p>&nbsp;Due to the ozone hole, all living organisms are harmed by solar radiation. It also leads to various health problems starting from skin diseases to eye problems.</p><p>According to scientists, the main reason behind the thinning of the ozone layer was due to the chemicals such as CFCs and also halons to some extent.</p><p>At the poles, CFCs are present in the ice particles in clouds. As the sun rises in the polar spring, the ice particles melt thereby releasing the CFC. After releasing these molecules break the molecular bonds in UV radiation and absorb ozone.</p><p>An increase in pollution and burning activities of fossil fuels has led to greater emission of greenhouse gases. These gases increase the temperature in the lower atmosphere(troposphere) thereby generating a cooler environment in the upper atmosphere(stratosphere).</p><p>The greenhouse gases warm the surface at lower altitudes whereas they prevent heat at higher altitudes. Thus, the cooler environment in the stratosphere results in ozone depletion.</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-26/3ce44f8d-502e-4daa-8dc0-438b3e16c2b0.jpg\" style=\"width: 304.164px; height: 215.941px;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;<br></p><p>The depletion of the ozone layer can be well understood with the blanket analogy. The greenhouse gases spread in our environment as a blanket. They prevent the moving of heat from the lower atmosphere to the upper. This blanket keeps on becoming thicker. It keeps on trapping more heat in the lower atmosphere.</p>','2022-10-26 17:46:41.320906','uploads/news/ozone1.webp',1,'Union of Concerned scientists','Due to the ozone hole, all living organisms are harmed by solar radiation. It also leads to various health problems starting from skin diseases to eye problems.',5,163,'Article in ucsusa:&nbsp;https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/ozone-hole-and-global-warming#:~:text=Does%20global%20warming%20have%20an,that%20lead%20to%20ozone%20loss.'),(53146,'MIT develops reconfigurable antenna for Advanced Satellite Communications Testing','mit-develops-reconfigurable-antenna-advanced-satellite-communications-testing','2022-10-28 20:38:31.931817','<p>We are aware of the role of signals transmitted over the internet. From making television visible to security applications, it has come a long way. Each new day brings up a new development in discrete fields. Such a technological development has come across in the field of satellite communication.</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-28/5757aa85-1627-4a39-8522-1578a325acc6.jpg\" style=\"width: 304.889px; height: 203.055px;\"></p><p><br></p><h3 class=\"\"><b><u>Keywords</u></b>: satellite, antenna, bands, MBTT, SATCOM, OTAKaTT, RF,&nbsp;<span style=\"font-family: Helvetica;\">PTW,&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica;\">SkyNet 5C</span></h3><h3 class=\"\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica;\"><br></span></h3><p> MIT(Massachusetts Institute of Technology) has developed a reconfigurable antenna. This antenna can transmit and receive signals over multiple radio-frequency bands. This antenna is relevant to military and commercial applications.&nbsp;</p><p>Features of this reconfigurable satellite are:</p><ol><li>It is a 38-foot-wide dome-shaped radio antenna.</li><li>It has a climate-controlled environment with a steel structure that supports a 20-foot diameter.</li><li>It is a 20,000-pound SATCOM antenna.</li><li>It can rotate 15 degrees per second by completing a single revolution in 24 seconds.</li><li>It can detect and track satellites in medium and low Earth orbit.</li></ol><p>This antenna is called Multi-Band Test Terminal(MBTT). Before the installation of MBTT, the laboratory was dependent on various smaller antennas such as OTAKaTT(Over-the-Air-Ka-band Test Terminal ). Compared to OTAKaTT, MBTT is seven times more sensitive. It is specially designed to ease the reconfiguration for supporting multiple radio frequency(RF).</p><p>Brain Wolf,&nbsp; a technical staff member in Lincoln Laboratory\'s Advanced Satcom Systems and Operation Group said, \"<span style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">As a much larger, more powerful, and more flexible test asset than OTAKaTT, the MBTT is a game-changer for enabling the development of advanced SATCOM technology</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">\".</span></p><p><font face=\"Helvetica\">MBTT was designed for supporting four commonly used bands for satellite communication: X, Ku, Ka, and Q. These bands span frequencies from 7GHz to 46 GHz. However, MBTT can prove to be supportive to even other bands in near future. This can be achieved through the design of additional antenna feeds, the element connecting the antenna to the RF transmitter and receiver.</font></p><p><font face=\"Helvetica\">With the view of switching between the various RF bands, MBTT must be configured with a new antenna feed in such a way that it emits signals onto and collects the signals from the antenna dish, and RF processing components. When it is not in operation, the MBTT command center stores antenna feeds and other RF components.&nbsp;</font></p><p><font face=\"Helvetica\">The feeds come with variations in sizes. The largest is six feet in length and weighs nearly 200 pounds. The feed and all the RF processing components such as the high-power amplifier and the downconverter needs to be replaced. Before running any tests, technicians must rectify the new feed for ensuring its proper operation.</font></p><p><font face=\"Helvetica\">MBTT has supported a wide range of tests including PTW. PTW is a waveform for providing highly secure and jamming-resistant communications. The laboratory used its PTW modem prototype as the terminal modem to conduct an over-the-air test with the Inmarsat-5 satellite. In 2020, the laboratory used the MBTT for demonstrating PTW at X-band over SkyNet 5C. SkyNet 5C is a military communications satellite that provides services to the British armed forces and coalition North Atlantic Treaty Organization forces.</font></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">“It’s an exciting time to be involved in this effort, as vendors are developing real SATCOM systems based on the concepts, prototypes, and architectures we’ve developed,” says Wolf.</span><font face=\"Helvetica\"><br></font></p><p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">MBTT also supported non-PTW testing. Technicians there have tested new signal processing technology for suppressing or removing jammers, new techniques for signal detection, and new methods for connecting PtW users to other departments of Defense systems.</span></p><p><br></p>','2022-10-28 20:38:31.931861','uploads/news/mit.webp',1,'MIT','MIT(Massachusetts Institute of Technology) has developed a reconfigurable antenna. This antenna can transmit and receive signals over multiple radio-frequency bands. This antenna is relevant to military and commercial applications.',5,134,'<p><span style=\"color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px; text-transform: uppercase;\">ARIANA TANTILLO, MIT LINCOLN LABORATORY</span><br></p>'),(53147,'Air pollution linked to trajectory of stroke','air-pollution-linked-trajectory-stroke','2022-10-28 21:54:59.673136','<p>In today\'s time, our environment is dealing with numerous issues starting from pollution to deforestation. One of the major problems is air pollution.&nbsp;</p><h3 class=\"\"><b><u>Keywords</u></b>: Air pollution, environment, stroke, cardiovascular diseases,&nbsp; nitrogen oxide, nitrogen dioxide, deforestation.</h3><p><br></p><p>Air pollution is referred to as the emission of gases into the environment that is proven to be harmful. The causes of air pollution are:</p><ol><li>Burning of Fossil fuels</li><li>Automobiles</li><li>Agricultural activities</li><li>Factories and Industries</li><li>Mining activities</li><li>Domestic sources&nbsp;</li></ol><p>Effects of air pollution are:</p><ol><li>Diseases</li><li>Global warming</li><li>Acid rain</li><li>Ozone layer depletion</li></ol><p>Now a new study found a link between stroke and air pollution. The study involved 3,18,752 people with an average age of 56 years. These participants didn\'t have any history of stroke or heart disease at the start. They were followed for 12 years. The researchers considered their exposure to air pollution based on the region they lived. During this tenure, 5,967 people experienced a stroke. Of those, 2985 people developed cardiovascular diseases and 1,020 people died.</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-28/4ea5f4d4-2f27-498a-9892-32bfb98043d4.webp\" style=\"width: 382.227px; height: 222.149px;\"><br></p><p>Individuals who had exposure to high levels of air pollution were more likely to experience stroke first, post-stroke cardiovascular disease, or death compared to those who had exposure to low-level air pollution. Researchers also evaluated other factors that could be involved in health problems such as smoking activities, etc.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>The researchers also found that the pollutants such as nitrogen oxide and nitrogen dioxide were associated with an increased risk of stroke.&nbsp;</p><p>Study author Hualiang Lin, PhD, of Sun Yat-sen University School of Public Health in Guangzhou, China said, \"We found that high levels of air pollution were associated with increased risks of transitions from being healthy to a first stroke, cardiovascular events after stroke and death, but with a stronger effect on the transition from being healthy to having a stroke\".</p><p>\"These results indicate that understanding and reducing the effects of air pollutants on different transition stages in stroke will be beneficial in managing people\'s health and preventing the occurrence and progression of stroke\".</p><p>\"More research is needed, but it\'s possible that decreasing exposure to heavy levels of air pollution could play a role in reducing the progression of stroke. People can reduce their exposure by staying indoors on heavy pollution days, reducing their outdoor exercise, wearing masks to filter out particulate matter and using air purifiers\".</p><p>The researchers clarified that the study doesn\'t prove that the main cause of stroke is air pollution. It only gives us a link of association.&nbsp;</p><p>Ways that can be adopted to reduce air pollution:</p><ol><li>&nbsp;Make less use of vehicles.</li><li>Make use of renewable energy.</li><li>Dilute the air pollutants.</li><li>Stop deforestation.</li><li>Reducing the use of fire products</li></ol><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-28/1054e5c6-db3f-43fe-a054-398bd0d2ff5a.webp\" style=\"width: 273.889px; height: 182.593px;\">&nbsp;<br></p><p>As responsible people, we must take all the measures to protect our environment from all these problems. Pollution is not only destroying our environment but it is also impacting the health of all living organisms. So, it is very necessary to take effective measures.</p><p><br></p><p><br></p><p><br></p>','2022-10-28 21:54:59.673189','uploads/news/air_pollution1.webp',1,'American Academy of Neurology','a new study found a link between stroke and air pollution. The study involved 3,18,752 people with an average age of 56 years. These participants didn\'t have any history of stroke or heart disease at the start. They were followed for 12 years. The researchers considered their exposure to air pollution based on the region they lived. During this tenure, 5,967 people experienced a stroke. Of those, 2985 people developed cardiovascular diseases and 1,020 people died.',5,196,'<ol class=\"journal\" style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-left: 20px; border-radius: 0px !important;\"><li style=\"margin: 0px; padding-left: 5px; border-radius: 0px !important;\">Zhizhong Zhang, Mengmeng Wang, Dipender Gill, Xinfeng Liu.&nbsp;<strong style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Genetically Predicted Smoking and Alcohol Consumption and Functional Outcome After Ischemic Stroke</strong>.&nbsp;<em style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Neurology</em>, 2022; 10.1212/WNL.0000000000201291 DOI:&nbsp;<a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000201291\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color: rgb(0, 66, 118); border-radius: 0px !important;\">10.1212/WNL.0000000000201291</a></li></ol>'),(53148,'New form of universal quantum computers','new-form-universal-quantum-computers','2022-10-31 15:05:46.413970','<p>Quantum computing is a field that refers to solving complex problems using the laws of quantum mechanics. As vast development is taking place we require machines that have less response time but they prove to work efficiently. Quantum computers can be useful in various fields such as Artificial Intelligence(AI), Cryptography, Molecular modeling, weather forecasting, Particle physics, etc. Quantum computers can solve such problems that a traditional computer cannot.</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-31/a5e78524-5007-49a1-b3f6-05bf47aab7d8.jpg\" style=\"width: 398.889px; height: 224.538px;\"></p><p><br></p><h3 class=\"\"><b><u>Keywords</u></b>: Quantum machines, Universal quantum computer, qubits, LHZ architecture, parity concept, errors.</h3><p><br></p><p>Considering the current state, the computing power of quantum machines is very low. It is very challenging for physicists to increase their power. But now they have presented a new architecture for overcoming these limitations. This universal quantum computer could be the basis of the next generation of quantum computers.</p><p>Traditionally, in a quantum computer quantum bits also known as qubits act as a computing unit as well as memory at the same time. Generally, it is not possible to copy quantum information, and cannot be stored in a memory as followed in a classical computer. Due to this drawback in quantum computers, all qubits must be able to interact with each other. Achieving this is quite challenging.</p><p>In 2015, theoretical physicists Wolfgang Lechner, Philipp Hauke, and Peter Zoller considered this situation and proposed a new architecture for a quantum computer. It is now named LHZ architecture. The name is significant as it is named after the physicists of this research.</p><p>Wolfgang Lechner of the Department of Theoretical Physics at the University of Innsbruck, Austria said, \"This architecture was originally designed for optimization problems. In the process, we reduced the architecture to a minimum in order to solve these optimization problems as efficiently as possible. The physical qubits in this architecture do not represent individual bits but encode the relative coordination between the bits. This means that not all qubits have to interact with each other anymore\".</p><p>Physicists have now proven that the parity concept is also suitable for universal quantum computers. Parity computers can basically perform operations between two or more qubits by using a single qubit. They have shown that parity computers can perform quantum Fourier transformations. It is basically a building block of many quantum algorithms. Thus, this requires fewer computation steps along with less response time.&nbsp;</p><p>Michael Fellner from Wolfgang Lechner\'s team explains, \" Existing quantum computers already implement such operations very well on a small scale. However, as the number of qubits increases, it becomes more and more complex to implement these gate operations. However, as the number of qubits increases, it becomes more and more complex to implement these gate operations\".</p><p>Generally, quantum systems are more prone to disturbances. Quantum computers must correct these errors continuously. Anette Messinger and Kilian Ender, members of the Innsbruck research team said, \"Our model operates with a two-stage error correction, one type of error (bit flip error or phase error) is prevented by the hardware used. The other type of error can be detected and corrected via the software\".&nbsp;</p><p>Thus, this will create a way for the next generation of universal quantum computers to be realized with manageable effort.</p><p><br></p>','2022-10-31 15:05:46.414015','uploads/news/quantum1.jpg',1,'University of Innsbruck','Considering the current state, the computing power of quantum machines is very low. It is very challenging for physicists to increase their power. But now they have presented a new architecture for overcoming these limitations. This universal quantum computer could be the basis of the next generation of quantum computers.',5,193,'<ol class=\"journal\" style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-left: 20px; border-radius: 0px !important;\"><li style=\"margin: 0px; padding-left: 5px; border-radius: 0px !important;\">Michael Fellner, Anette Messinger, Kilian Ender, Wolfgang Lechner.&nbsp;<strong style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Universal Parity Quantum Computing</strong>.&nbsp;<em style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Physical Review Letters</em>, 2022; 129 (18) DOI:&nbsp;<a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.180503\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color: rgb(0, 66, 118); border-radius: 0px !important;\">10.1103/PhysRevLett.129.180503</a></li><li style=\"margin: 0px; padding-left: 5px; border-radius: 0px !important;\">Michael Fellner, Anette Messinger, Kilian Ender, Wolfgang Lechner.&nbsp;<strong style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Applications of universal parity quantum computation</strong>.&nbsp;<em style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Physical Review A</em>, 2022; 106 (4) DOI:&nbsp;<a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.106.042442\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color: rgb(0, 66, 118); border-radius: 0px !important;\">10.1103/PhysRevA.106.042442</a></li></ol>'),(53149,'Music class in sync with higher math scores','music-class-sync-higher-math-scores','2022-10-31 16:28:34.553451','<p>Music is an art that has proven to be a therapy for many mental health problems. Even music therapy is widely accepted by many people. It has proven its advantages in curing diseases such as depression, autism, Alzheimer\'s disease, etc.</p><p>As humans, we are always curious to learn new art forms. Being consistent in learning new art forms helps us to stay busy, achieving different growth at a personal level. It changes our mindset and helps us in developing a positive attitude.&nbsp;</p><p>It is also essential for educational institutes to include art classes along with the regular curriculum in the timetable. These classes will help students in the following ways:</p><ol><li>It will help them to increase their knowledge about art.</li><li>It will allow them to showcase their creativity.</li><li>It will help them to gain self-confidence.</li></ol><p><br></p><h3 class=\"\"><b><u>Keywords</u></b>: Music, music therapy, art, math, scores, math skills, SES</h3><p><br></p><p>According to the new study, including art and music classes in school has proven to be beneficial for students in increasing their scores in mathematics.&nbsp;</p><p>Learning music is definitely co-related with improving math skills. At some level, music is also math. Music deals with time signatures, beats per minute, and formulaic progressions. Performing this, thus reinforces parts of the brain while doing math.&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-10-31/d2450658-4cdc-47ae-bea9-55c1585f5072.jpg\" style=\"width: 351.43px; height: 234.747px;\"><br></p><p>In this study, the researchers used a large nationally representative dataset for observing which types of art classes impact math achievement and the variation in results due to the socio-economic status of schools. The researchers found that taking music courses relates to higher math scores w.r.t. higher-or-mid-SES schools.</p><p>Daniel Mackin Freeman, a doctoral candidate in sociology, and Dara Shifrer, an associate professor of sociology said, \" That\'s not a surprise given the ways in which music and math overlap. If you think about it at an intuitive level, reading music is just doing math. Of course, it\'s a different type of math but it might be a more engaging form of math for students than learning calculus\".</p><p>However, the positive relation between music and math depends upon the SES of schools. According to the researchers, it is so because the quality of music courses provided in lower-SES schools is low compared to the quality of music courses in higher-SES schools. Also, it is observed that the students in lower SES take lower music classes as the awareness related to the importance of this is not known to them.&nbsp;</p><p>Mackin Freeman said,\" It\'d be reasonable to expect that at under-resourced schools, the quality of the music program would differentiate any potential connection to other subjects. For programs as resource-intensive as something like band, under-resourced schools are less likely to even have working instruments, let alone an instructor who can teach students to read music in a way that they can make connections to arithmetic\".</p><p>Further, he said, \"Creating an environment where students have access to a well-rounded curriculum might indirectly affect math achievement. That could be something as simple as, they\'re willing to go to class because they have band or painting class to look forward to\".</p><p>This study has added to the importance of music in human life.</p>','2022-10-31 16:28:34.553517','uploads/news/music.jpg',1,'Portland State University','Learning music is definitely co-related with improving math skills. At some level, music is also math. Music deals with time signatures, beats per minute, and formulaic progressions. Performing this, thus reinforces parts of the brain while doing math.',5,62,'<ol class=\"journal\" style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-left: 20px; border-radius: 0px !important;\"><li style=\"margin: 0px; padding-left: 5px; border-radius: 0px !important;\">Daniel Mackin Freeman, Dara Shifrer.&nbsp;<strong style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Arts for Whose Sake? Arts Course-taking and Math Achievement in US High Schools</strong>.&nbsp;<em style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Sociological Perspectives</em>, 2022; 073112142211245 DOI:&nbsp;<a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07311214221124537\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color: rgb(0, 66, 118); border-radius: 0px !important;\">10.1177/07311214221124537</a></li></ol>'),(53425,'AI and drug discovery','ai-and-drug-discovery','2022-11-01 17:46:55.070652','<p>In recent times, AI is emerging with new technologies in all fields. The reason AI is becoming popular is that it minimizes human efforts and completes the work with the help of machines efficiently.</p><p><br></p><p>Recent studies have shown the importance of AI in oral healthcare too.</p><p><b><u>Please read this article</u>:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=\"https://educracypedia.com/news/category_news/artificial-intelligence-for-sustainable-oral-healthcare/\" target=\"_blank\">AI for sustainable oral healthcare</a></b></p><p><b><br></b></p><h3 class=\"\"><b><u>Keywords</u>: </b>AI<b>,&nbsp;</b>pharmaceutical sector, E-VAI, drug,&nbsp;<span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; color: rgb(33, 33, 33);\">linear discriminant analysis (LDA),&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Helvetica;\">support vector machines (SVMs),&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Helvetica;\">random forest (RF),&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Helvetica;\">decision trees,&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Helvetica;\">NOVARTIS</span></h3><h3 class=\"\"><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Helvetica;\"><br></span></h3><p>Over the past years, the pharmaceutical sector has experienced vast digitalization. To achieve digitalization, the technology needs to be able to deal with complex clinical problems. This motivates AI, as it is a great way to find a solution to all complex problems using advanced technology.&nbsp;</p><p>The components of AI are shown in the diagram below:</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-11-01/2a695124-d3b8-405d-922c-43df556f0e90.jpg\" style=\"width: 550.581px; height: 253.701px;\">&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<br></p><p><br></p><p>E-VAI is an AI platform developed by Eularis. It makes use of ML algorithms along with an easy-to-use user interface for helping in pharmaceutical sales. It helps marketing executives for dealing with the allocation of resources for maximum sales and investing in the right place.&nbsp;</p><p>AI helps the pharmaceutical sector in the following ways:</p><ul><li>It can aid rational drug design.</li><li>Assist in decision making such as determining the right therapy for a patient, including personalized medicines.</li><li>Managing the clinical data generated and aiming to use it for future drug development.</li><li>Ensure QA with aid of ELN and other techniques.</li><li>Automated manufacturing.</li><li>Understanding critical process parameters.</li><li>Market prediction and Analysis.</li><li>Product costing.</li><li>Ensuring in-process specification compliance.</li><li>Drug-protein interaction.</li><li>Bioactivity prediction.</li></ul><p><br></p><p>Generally, the development of drugs is in huge amounts followed by a vast chemical space and a large number of drug molecules. Due to the lack of advanced technologies, the development process results to be time-consuming and expensive. This issue can be resolved using AI. AI can provide a quicker validation of the drug.</p><p>QSAR modeling tools have been utilized for the potential drug candidates. AI-based QSAR approaches include:</p><ol><li><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Cambria, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, stixgeneral, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 20px;\">&nbsp;<span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">linear discriminant analysis (LDA)</span></span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">support vector machines (SVMs)</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;random forest (RF)</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">decision trees</span></li></ol><p><font color=\"#212121\" face=\"Helvetica\"><b>Current market scenario w.r.t.&nbsp; AI:</b></font></p><p><font color=\"#212121\" face=\"Helvetica\">The AI market increased from&nbsp;</font><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">US$200 million in 2015 to US$700 million in 2018. It is also expected to increase to&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">$5 billion by 2024. A 40% growth is projected from 2017 to 2024. This indicates that AI will expand more in near future. Also, various pharmaceutical companies are collaborating with AI companies for the development of essential healthcare tools. For example, Pharmaceutical organization NOVARTIS has collaborated with Microsoft for discrete reasons such as researching on cell and gene-based therapies, Optimization of the same, etc. AI-based solutions in the pharmaceutical sector, with an investment exceeding&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">US$7.20 billion. Also, there were 300+ deals between 2013 and 2018 by the pharmaceutical industries.</span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><b>Drawback:</b></span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">The only drawback of using AI-based technologies is generating unemployment. The aim of AI is not to replace humans, but to reduce human efforts. Thus, it reduces the requirement of humans for work.</span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><b>Conclusion:</b></span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">The traditional way of developing drugs is quite time-consuming and expensive. But the use of AI will not only help in dealing with these issues but also help in providing an efficient product to the market. As it will provide a cost-effective product, utilization will rise too.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Helvetica;\">AI will also ensure the safety of the product by providing optimization.&nbsp;</span></p>','2022-11-01 19:04:42.444800','uploads/news/ai1111111.jpg',1,'National Library of Medicine','Over the past years, the pharmaceutical sector has experienced vast digitalization. To achieve digitalization, the technology needs to be able to deal with complex clinical problems. This motivates AI, as it is a great way to find a solution to all complex problems using advanced technology.',5,134,'<div class=\"ref-cit-blk half_rhythm\" id=\"bib0005\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt; color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Cambria, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, stixgeneral, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 17.3333px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">1.&nbsp;</span><span class=\"element-citation\" id=\"sbref0005\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Ramesh A. Artificial intelligence in medicine.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\"><span class=\"ref-journal\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; font-style: italic; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Ann. R. Coll. Surg. Engl.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">2004;</span><span class=\"ref-vol\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">86</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">:334–338.</span></span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><span class=\"nowrap\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">[</span><a class=\"int-reflink\" href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1964229/\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(55, 111, 170); text-decoration-line: underline;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">PMC free article</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">]</span></span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;[</span><a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15333167\" ref=\"reftype=pubmed&amp;article-id=7577280&amp;issue-id=367276&amp;journal-id=3815&amp;FROM=Article%7CCitationRef&amp;TO=Entrez%7CPubMed%7CRecord\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(55, 111, 170); text-decoration-line: underline;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">PubMed</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">]&nbsp;</span><span class=\"nowrap\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">[</span><a href=\"https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?journal=Ann.+R.+Coll.+Surg.+Engl.&amp;title=Artificial+intelligence+in+medicine&amp;author=A.+Ramesh&amp;volume=86&amp;publication_year=2004&amp;pages=334-338&amp;pmid=15333167&amp;\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" ref=\"reftype=other&amp;article-id=7577280&amp;issue-id=367276&amp;journal-id=3815&amp;FROM=Article%7CCitationRef&amp;TO=Content%20Provider%7CLink%7CGoogle%20Scholar\" role=\"button\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(55, 111, 170); text-decoration-line: underline;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Google Scholar</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">]</span></span></span></div><div class=\"ref-cit-blk half_rhythm\" id=\"bib0010\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt; color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Cambria, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, stixgeneral, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 17.3333px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">2.&nbsp;</span><span class=\"element-citation\" id=\"sbref0010\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Miles J., Walker A. The potential application of artificial intelligence in transport.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\"><span class=\"ref-journal\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; font-style: italic; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">IEE Proc.-Intell. 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Artificial intelligence and the public sector—applications and challenges.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\"><span class=\"ref-journal\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; font-style: italic; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Int. J. 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A study on the application and use of artificial intelligence to support drug development.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\"><span class=\"ref-journal\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; font-style: italic; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Clin. Ther.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">2019;</span><span class=\"ref-vol\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">41</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">:1414–1426.</span></span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;[</span><a href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31248680\" ref=\"reftype=pubmed&amp;article-id=7577280&amp;issue-id=367276&amp;journal-id=3815&amp;FROM=Article%7CCitationRef&amp;TO=Entrez%7CPubMed%7CRecord\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(55, 111, 170); text-decoration-line: underline;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">PubMed</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">]&nbsp;</span><span class=\"nowrap\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">[</span><a href=\"https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?journal=Clin.+Ther.&amp;title=A+study+on+the+application+and+use+of+artificial+intelligence+to+support+drug+development&amp;author=M.J.+Lamberti&amp;volume=41&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;pages=1414-1426&amp;pmid=31248680&amp;\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" ref=\"reftype=other&amp;article-id=7577280&amp;issue-id=367276&amp;journal-id=3815&amp;FROM=Article%7CCitationRef&amp;TO=Content%20Provider%7CLink%7CGoogle%20Scholar\" role=\"button\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; color: rgb(55, 111, 170); text-decoration-line: underline;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Google Scholar</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">]</span></span></span></div><div class=\"ref-cit-blk half_rhythm\" id=\"bib0035\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; margin-top: 10pt; margin-bottom: 10pt; color: rgb(33, 33, 33); font-family: Cambria, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, stixgeneral, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 17.3333px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">7.&nbsp;</span><span class=\"element-citation\" id=\"sbref0035\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Beneke F., Mackenrodt M.-O. Artificial intelligence and collusion.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"box-sizing: inherit;\"><span class=\"ref-journal\" style=\"box-sizing: inherit; font-style: italic; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">IIC Int. Rev. 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They are an important part of human culture. Rainbows generally occur when water droplets refract sunlight. This indicates that the two important factors behind the occurrence of rainbows are sunlight and water.</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-11-01/a6be0c28-d6ed-470c-ab11-3f2fd1be4b0e.jpg\" style=\"width: 334.889px; height: 223.259px;\"><br></p><p>We are also aware of the climate change that is threatening our environment. (<b>Please read this article: <a href=\"https://educracypedia.com/news/category_news/climate-change-threat-environment/\" target=\"_blank\">Climate Change: Threat to environment</a>)</b>&nbsp;Various human activities cause climate change resulting in adversely affecting our environment.</p><h3 class=\"\"><b><u>Keywords</u></b>: rainbow, sunlight, water, climate change, Northern latitudes, aesthetic value, Flickr, The Hawaiian Islands</h3><p><br></p><p>According to a new study, climate change will increase opportunities to view more rainbows. This study was led by researchers at the University of Hawai\'i(UH) at Manoa. As per the study, researchers estimate that by 2100, the experience of the rainbow on the average Earth location will increase by 5% more days. The occurrence of rainbows will be more prominent in the Northern latitudes and very high elevations where climate change leads to more rain. However, the Mediterranean region, where climate change causes decreased rainfall is projected to experience fewer rainbow days.</p><p>The lead author of the study, Kimberly Carlson, who is now at New York University\'s Department of Environmental Studies said, \"Living in Hawai\'i, I felt grateful that stunning, ephemeral rainbows were a part of my daily life. I wondered how climate change might affect such rainbow viewing opportunities\".</p><p>Camilo Mora, at the UH Manoa Geography and Environment department, said, \"We often study how climate change directly affects people\'s health and livelihoods, for instance via the occurrence of heat stroke during climate change-enhanced heat waves\".</p><p>There are numerous types of research published regarding climate change. These researchers and studies show how climate change affects the aesthetic value of our environment. But, rainbows have never been considered in these studies. For this purpose, a team including students at UH Manoa referred to Flickr ( a social media platform for uploading photos ) for looking at photographs labeled with the word \"rainbow\". They sorted out through thousands of uploaded photos. This helped in the identification of rainbows generated from the refraction of light by rain droplets.&nbsp;</p><p>Amanda Wong, an undergraduate student in Global Environmental Science at the UH Manoa School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST) and a co-author on the paper, said, \"We had to sort through photos of rainbow artwork, rainbow flags, rainbow trout, rainbow eucalyptus, and rainbow foods to find the real rainbows\".</p><p>Researchers developed a rainbow prediction model referring to the rainbow photo locations and maps of precipitation, cloud cover, and sun algae. They used this model to predict the present and future occurrences of the rainbow. This model showed that islands are hotspots of the rainbow. The Hawaiian Islands, named as \"rainbow capital of the world,\" is estimated to have an increase of a few more days of experiencing rainbows per year.</p><p><br></p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-11-01/7a396571-52d1-474f-b6af-b7fd64a3b61d.jpg\" style=\"width: 338.243px; height: 180.684px;\"></p><p><br></p><p>Steven Businger, professor of Atmospheric Sciences in SOEST said, \"Islands are the best places to view rainbows. This is because island terrain lifts the air during daily sea breezes, producing localized showers surrounded by clear skies that let the sun in to produce majestic rainbows\".</p><p>Thus, this study shows how climate change can also prove to be aesthetically pleasing at times.</p>','2022-11-01 20:27:23.376609','uploads/news/rainbow.webp',1,'University of Hawaii at Manoa','According to a new study, climate change will increase opportunities to view more rainbows. This study was led by researchers at the University of Hawai\'i(UH) at Manoa. As per the study, researchers estimate that by 2100, the experience of the rainbow on the average Earth location will increase by 5% more days. The occurrence of rainbows will be more prominent in the Northern latitudes and very high elevations where climate change leads to more rain. However, the Mediterranean region, where climate change causes decreased rainfall is projected to experience fewer rainbow days.',5,17,'<ol class=\"journal\" style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-left: 20px; border-radius: 0px !important;\"><li style=\"margin: 0px; padding-left: 5px; border-radius: 0px !important;\">Kimberly M. Carlson, Camilo Mora, Jinwen Xu, Renee O. Setter, Michelle Harangody, Erik C. Franklin, Michael B. Kantar, Matthew Lucas, Zachary M. Menzo, Daniele Spirandelli, David Schanzenbach, C. Courtlandt Warr, Amanda E. Wong, Steven Businger.&nbsp;<strong style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Global rainbow distribution under current and future climates</strong>.&nbsp;<em style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Global Environmental Change</em>, 2022; 77: 102604 DOI:&nbsp;<a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2022.102604\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color: rgb(0, 66, 118); border-radius: 0px !important;\">10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2022.102604</a></li></ol>'),(53466,'Hydrogen: Future energy carrier','hydrogen-future-energy-carrier','2022-11-02 15:08:39.018718','<p>Hydrogen is an essential element of the modern economy. It also serves as fuel thereby saving many lives. It can be produced from various domestic resources without any emission of greenhouse gases. Considering its advantages, expanding the utilization of hydrogen has become a global priority.</p><p>One of the major developments w.r.t hydrogen is Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology. In this, a fuel cell generates electricity to drive an electric motor by combining hydrogen and air in the presence of catalysts. Water vapor is the only by-product generated through this process. The advantages of this technology are:</p><ol><li>Zero-Emission power</li><li>Robust reliability</li><li>Lower operational costs.</li><li>E-mobility&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ol><h3 class=\"\"><b><u>Keywords</u></b>: Hydrogen,&nbsp; Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology, energy carrier, crude hydrogen, contaminant gases, liquid organic hydrogen carriers</h3><p><br></p><p>&nbsp;A recent study published in Science Advances shows the exciting progress made by researchers toward the elimination of the barriers to using hydrogen as an energy carrier.</p><p>The four main sources for the commercial production of hydrogen are natural gas, oil, coal, and electrolysis. They account for 48%, 30%, 18%, and 4% respectively of the world\'s hydrogen production. There are various methods used for the production of hydrogen such as thermochemical, electrolytic, direct solar water splitting, etc. One of the methods is the production of hydrogen by reacting high-temperature steam with natural gas. But, the major drawback of this method is that it results in the production of crude hydrogen. Crude hydrogen consists of contaminant gases that decrease the value of hydrogen. These contaminant gases are difficult to remove. It is a tedious task to extract hydrogen from the crude mixture.</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-11-02/a83f0827-6306-4421-99be-d4a6f7d341aa.jpg\" style=\"width: 362.37px; height: 241.337px;\"><br></p><p>The difficulty of extracting hydrogen from the contaminant gaseous mixture has restricted the utilization of liquid organic hydrogen carriers ( They are used for storing hydrogen). To date, many studies have taken place for overcoming the challenge of storage of hydrogen in the presence of contaminant gases.</p><p>Yoichi Hoshimoto, the corresponding author said, \"even a small amount of carbon monoxide can hinder hydrogen uptake. Thus, costly purification methods to isolate the hydrogen prior to storage are necessary\".</p><p>For overcoming this challenge, the team of researchers synthesized shelf-stable triaryl boranes. They took up hydrogen even in the presence of contaminant gases. This study has surely achieved ground-breaking results:</p><ul><li>Hydrogen storage with up to greater than 99% efficiency</li><li>Subsequent hydrogen is released at a purity of up to 99.9%.</li></ul><p>Researcher Hoshimoto explains, \" The industrial value of molecular hydrogen has long been plagued by substantial quantities of carbon monoxide and other contaminants. However, in the catalytic hydrogenation method we developed, even a five-fold excess of a contaminant wasn\'t a problem, and hydrogen uptake and release were each achieved without using any solvents\".</p><p>Thus, this study has emerged as proof of a novel hydrogen production method that is effective in separating contaminant gases and hydrogen. This will reduce further purification steps that were essential in traditional methods. It also indicates an increase in the economic sustainability of hydrogen. Future advances in obtaining hydrogen from the water will surely help in bringing a sustainable hydrogen-based economy.</p>','2022-11-02 15:08:39.018766','uploads/news/hydrogen.webp',1,'Osaka University','A recent study published in Science Advances shows the exciting progress made by researchers toward the elimination of the barriers to using hydrogen as an energy carrier. The four main sources for the commercial production of hydrogen are natural gas, oil, coal, and electrolysis. They account for 48%, 30%, 18%, and 4% respectively of the world\'s hydrogen production. There are various methods used for the production of hydrogen such as thermochemical, electrolytic, direct solar water splitting, etc. One of the methods is the production of hydrogen by reacting high-temperature steam with natural gas. But, the major drawback of this method is that it results in the production of crude hydrogen. For overcoming this challenge, the team of researchers synthesized shelf-stable triaryl boranes.',5,87,'<ol class=\"journal\" style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-left: 20px; border-radius: 0px !important;\"><li style=\"margin: 0px; padding-left: 5px; border-radius: 0px !important;\">Taiki Hashimoto, Takahiro Asada, Sensuke Ogoshi, Yoichi Hoshimoto.&nbsp;<strong style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Main group catalysis for H 2 purification based on liquid organic hydrogen carriers</strong>.&nbsp;<em style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Science Advances</em>, 2022; 8 (43) DOI:&nbsp;<a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.ade0189\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color: rgb(0, 66, 118); border-radius: 0px !important;\">10.1126/sciadv.ade0189</a></li></ol>'),(53467,'New tool for estimating people\'s total exposure to potentially harmful chemicals','new-tool-estimating-peoples-total-exposure-potentially-harmful-chemicals','2022-11-02 17:53:37.720962','<p>Every day, we deal with exposure to numerous chemicals in our daily life. From them, synthetic chemicals adversely affect our health. To estimate our \"burden\", or cumulative exposure to thousands of synthetic chemicals a team of researchers has developed a new tool.</p><h3 class=\"\"><b><u>Keywords</u></b>: chemicals, PFAS, exposure, burden score, response theory, environmental epidemiology, serum concentrations</h3><p><br></p><p>PFAS(per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) is a class consisting of more than 5000 chemicals. Fluorine-carbon bond gives these substances the ability to repel oil and water. Due to this, these substances have made rapid growth in industrial applications and consumer products in recent decades. Examples of PFAS are:&nbsp;</p><ul><li>Stain and water repellents</li><li>Teflon nonstick pans</li><li>Paints</li><li>Cleaners </li><li>Food packaging</li></ul><p>These substances have numerous adverse effects. They do not decompose in the environment. Instead, they accumulate in our surroundings and affect our health. They are associated with various health problems such as high cholesterol, liver damage, thyroid disease, and hormone disorders. In 2007, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention study found that PFAS could be detected in the blood of 98% of the U.S. population.</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-11-02/f089e3cc-3337-4f1d-ba5d-c2647a1262a8.jpg\" style=\"width: 355.952px; height: 237.062px;\"><br></p><p>In a paper published in Environmental Health Perspectives, the team of researchers reported a new tool that will prove to be beneficial for epidemiologists who measure exposure levels of PFAS class of chemicals.&nbsp;</p><p>Lead author Shelley Liu, PhD, Assistant Professor in the Center for Biostatistics, Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai said, \"There are few existing methods to quantify total exposure burden of individuals to mixtures of PFAS chemicals that are found in our everyday lives. For the first time we\'ve developed a PFAS burden calculator that takes into account patterns of exposure to many chemicals within the PFAS family, and not just individual chemical concentrations which current methods are focused on. As a result, this robust tool could be extremely useful for biomonitoring by regulatory agencies, and for disease and health risk assessment\".</p><p>Researchers used national biomonitoring data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for developing the exposure burden score. They developed this using response theory. Response theory was developed in the educational testing literature to score standardized tests. This is the first time that it was used in environmental epidemiology.&nbsp;</p><p>Specifically, for this research, the researchers used serum concentrations from eight common PFAS&nbsp; chemicals taken from adults and children. They estimated the PFAS exposure burden by combining a participant\'s relative exposure to other PFAS biomarkers within the entire chemical class. This methodology can now be used by other epidemiologists by simply plugging their data sets into the online PFAS burden calculator.</p><p>The features of this calculator are:</p><ol><li>It provides a straightforward way to include exposure biomarkers with low detection frequencies.</li><li>To reduce exposure measurement errors by considering both a participant\'s concentrations and their exposure patterns.</li><li>To estimate exposure burden to chemical mixtures</li></ol><p>Dr. Liu said, \" These could include, for example, looking across populations to determine if there are differences in exposure burden across racial/ethnic or socioeconomic strata, or if exposure burdens are the same between people in the United States or Canada. Or looking across physiological systems and health outcomes -- such as cardiometabolic, hormonal, and immune -- to see which are most perturbed by exposure to PFAS chemicals. This range of applications takes us well beyond anything currently available to the field of population health\".</p><p>Thus, this research provides an efficient and easy way for calculating exposure to PFAS chemicals.</p>','2022-11-02 17:53:37.721025','uploads/news/syn1.jpg',1,'The Mount Sinai Hospital / Mount Sinai School of Medicine','In a paper published in Environmental Health Perspectives, the team of researchers reported a new tool that will prove to be beneficial for epidemiologists who measure exposure levels of PFAS class of chemicals.',5,134,'<ol class=\"journal\" style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-left: 20px; border-radius: 0px !important;\"><li style=\"margin: 0px; padding-left: 5px; border-radius: 0px !important;\">Shelley H. Liu, Jordan R. Kuiper, Yitong Chen, Leah Feuerstahler, Jeanne Teresi, Jessie P. Buckley.&nbsp;<strong style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Developing an Exposure Burden Score for Chemical Mixtures Using Item Response Theory, with Applications to PFAS Mixtures</strong>.&nbsp;<em style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Environmental Health Perspectives</em>, 2022; 130 (11) DOI:&nbsp;<a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP10125\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color: rgb(0, 66, 118); border-radius: 0px !important;\">10.1289/EHP10125</a></li></ol>'),(53468,'Tracking trust in human-robot work interactions','tracking-trust-human-robot-work-interactions','2022-11-03 15:46:30.753682','<p>We are in the era of globalization. Every human is dependent on machines in some or the other way. What is the probability that these machines are trustworthy? Has anyone thought about this? It is very important that the robots which we are dependent on complete our requirements in an effective and time-saving way. For the proper working of industries, the relationship between humans and robots must be trustworthy.</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-11-03/42baf413-466f-445b-9027-301d95ec0408.webp\" style=\"width: 473.844px; height: 148.076px;\"></p><p><br></p><h3 class=\"\"><b><u>Keywords</u></b>: human, robots, trust levels, human-autonomy trust, brain behavior, operator, near-infrared spectroscopy, distrust, reliability</h3><p><br></p><p>A recent study by the Wm Michael Barnes \'64 Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering at Texas A&amp;M University aimed to resolve the issue of human trust levels in robots and machines.&nbsp;</p><p>Dr. Ranjana Mehta, associate professor and director of the NeuroErgonomics Lab is this research\'s pioneer. His latest National Science Foundation (NSF) funded work on human-autonomy trust research stemmed from a series of projects on human-robot Interactions in safety-critical work domains and was recently published in&nbsp;<span style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. This research focuses on understanding the brain-behavior relationships regarding how an</span>&nbsp;operator\'s trusting behaviors are influenced by both human and robot factors. Even Dr. Mehta has another publication in the journal&nbsp;<span style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Applied Ergonomics. That research investigates these human and robot factors.</span></p><p>He said, \"While our focus so far was to understand how operator states of fatigue and stress impact how humans interact with robots, trust became an important construct to study. We found that as humans get tired, they let their guards down and become more trusting of automation than they should. However, why that is the case becomes an important question to address\".</p><p>The main aim of this research was to track the trust of humans by monitoring their brain activities. Using the technique of near-infrared spectroscopy the researchers could capture functional brain activity through a collaboration of operators with robots on a manufacturing task. During the research, it was observed that faulty robot actions decreased the operator\'s trust in the robots. Along with distrust, researchers also observed that it was associated with increased activations of several regions in the brain which included frontal, motor, and visual cortices. This indicated increased workload and heightened situational awareness. The research also resulted that when the robots worked reliably, it led to the decoupling of these brain regions.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-11-03/3f114702-ce5f-41bd-af5e-0e9e19723512.jpg\" style=\"width: 378.889px; height: 217.977px;\"><br></p><p>Dr. Mehta said, \" What we found most interesting was that the neural signatures differed when we compared brain activation data across reliability conditions (manipulated using normal and faulty robot behavior) versus operator\'s trust levels (collected via surveys) in the robot. This emphasized the importance of understanding and measuring brain-behavior relationships of trust in human-robot collaborations since perceptions of trust alone is not indicative of how operators\' trusting behaviors shape up. This work is critical, and we are motivated to ensure that humans-in-the-loop robotics design, evaluation and integration into the workplace are supportive and empowering of human capabilities\".</p><p>Dr. Sarah Hopko \'19, lead author on both papers and a recent industrial engineering doctoral student said, \" neural responses and perceptions of trust are both symptoms of trusting and distrusting behaviors and relay distinct information on how trust builds, breaches and repairs with different robot behaviors. She emphasized the strengths of multimodal trust metrics -- neural activity, eye tracking, behavioral analysis, etc. -- can reveal new perspectives that subjective responses alone cannot offer\".</p><p>Thus this result gave an idea of how human behavior changes depending upon the work efficiency and reliability of the robots.</p><p><br></p>','2022-11-03 15:46:30.753728','uploads/news/robot1.webp',1,'Texas A&M University','A recent study by the Wm Michael Barnes \'64 Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering at Texas A&M University aimed to resolve the issue of human trust levels in robots and machines.',5,134,'<ol class=\"journal\" style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-left: 20px; border-radius: 0px !important;\"><li style=\"margin: 0px; padding-left: 5px; border-radius: 0px !important;\">Sarah K. Hopko, Ranjana K. Mehta, Prabhakar R. Pagilla.&nbsp;<strong style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Physiological and perceptual consequences of trust in collaborative robots: An empirical investigation of human and robot factors</strong>.&nbsp;<em style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Applied Ergonomics</em>, 2023; 106: 103863 DOI:&nbsp;<a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103863\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color: rgb(0, 66, 118); border-radius: 0px !important;\">10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103863</a></li></ol>'),(53469,'Discovery of new material that can be made like a plastic but conducts like metal','discovery-new-material-can-be-made-plastic-conducts-metal','2022-11-03 18:30:30.087058','<p>New research published in Nature shows the great discovery made by scientists. It tells about a kind of material in which even after jumbling and disordering the molecular fragments, it can still conduct electricity extremely well.</p><h3 class=\"\"><b><u>Keywords</u></b>: electricity, materials, conductors, metals, doping, atoms, nickel, layers</h3><p><br></p><p>John Anderson, an associate professor of chemistry at the University of Chicago and the senior author of the study said, \"In principle, this opens up the design of a whole new class of materials that conduct electricity, are easy to shape, and are very robust in everyday conditions\". Jiaze Xie (PhD\'22, now at Princeton), the first author of the paper said, \"Essentially, it suggests new possibilities for an extremely important technological group of materials\".</p><p>There isn\'t a solid theory to explain this outcome. But researchers have surely added one more successful study to their books.&nbsp;</p><p>We are known of the fact that conducting materials are the most important factor in the making of various electronic devices such as an iPhone, solar panels, or a television. To date, the largest and oldest group of conductors is the metals. It includes:</p><ul><li>Copper</li><li>Gold</li><li>Aluminum&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-11-03/0011f362-a9a3-4a9f-b586-06817585094f.jpg\" style=\"width: 359.889px; height: 215.798px;\"><br></p><p>Around 50 years ago, our great scientists discovered a way to create conductors that were made out of organic materials. This way is known as a chemical treatment \"doping\". It sprinkles in different atoms or electrons through the material. There are various relevant advantages of this method such as it is easier to process and is more flexible compared to traditional metals. But, everything is not always perfect. It has the drawback of not being stable i.e. these materials are more prone to lose their conductivity when exposed to moisture or high temperature.&nbsp;</p><p>There is a similarity between both organic and traditional metallic conductors i.e. they are made up of straight, closely packed rows of atoms or molecules. This indicates that electrons can easily flow through the material. There was a myth among scientists that materials&nbsp;<span style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">had&nbsp;</span>to have straight, orderly rows to conduct electricity efficiently.</p><p>Scientists Xie began experimenting with the materials that were discovered years ago. He began testing by stringing nickel atoms like pearls into a string of molecular beads. These beads were made up of carbon and sulfur. Highly surprising for the scientists, the material was able to strongly conduct electricity. Also, it was very stable. Scientist Xie informed that even after heating it, chilling it, exposing it to air and humidity, and even dripping acid and base on it, nothing happened to it.&nbsp;</p><p>The advantages of this new material are:</p><ul><li>It can be made at room temperature.</li><li>It can also be used where the need for a device or pieces of the device to withstand heat, acid or alkalinity, or humidity.</li><li>Enormously helpful for a device that has to function in the real world.<br></li></ul><p>The molecular structure of the material was disordered. Scientist Anderson said, \"From a fundamental picture, that should not be able to be a metal. There isn\'t a solid theory to explain this\". The scientists worked and discussed this with various other scientists around the university for understanding the reason behind the conductivity of this material. According to them, the material forms layers, like sheets in a Lasagna.&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-11-03/54d716d7-6b95-47fc-981b-5e1f34abed50.jpg\" style=\"width: 337.72px; height: 224.92px;\"><br></p><p>The ultimate result is unprecedented for a conductive material. Scientist Anderson said, \"It\'s almost like conductive Play-Doh -- you can smush it into place and it conducts electricity\".&nbsp;</p><p>Thus, this research has surely designed a new principle for electronics technology.</p><p><br></p>','2022-11-03 18:30:30.087111','uploads/news/material1.jpg',1,'University of Chicago','New research published in Nature shows the great discovery made by scientists. It tells about a kind of material in which even after jumbling and disordering the molecular fragments, it can still conduct electricity extremely well.',5,125,'<ol class=\"journal\" style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-left: 20px; border-radius: 0px !important;\"><li style=\"margin: 0px; padding-left: 5px; border-radius: 0px !important;\">Jiaze Xie, Simon Ewing, Jan-Niklas Boyn, Alexander S. Filatov, Baorui Cheng, Tengzhou Ma, Garrett L. Grocke, Norman Zhao, Ram Itani, Xiaotong Sun, Himchan Cho, Zhihengyu Chen, Karena W. Chapman, Shrayesh N. Patel, Dmitri V. Talapin, Jiwoong Park, David A. Mazziotti, John S. Anderson.&nbsp;<strong style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Intrinsic glassy-metallic transport in an amorphous coordination polymer</strong>.&nbsp;<em style=\"border-radius: 0px !important;\">Nature</em>, 2022; DOI:&nbsp;<a href=\"http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05261-4\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"color: rgb(0, 66, 118); border-radius: 0px !important;\">10.1038/s41586-022-05261-4</a></li></ol>'),(55091,'Greener technologies in agri-food wastes valorization for plant pigments: Step towards circular economy','greener-technologies-in-agri-food-wastes-valorization-for-plant-pigments-step-towards-circular-economy','2022-11-04 17:36:09.529369','<p>The population is rising to different heights each day. It leads to increased agricultural production for fulfilling the basic need of man: \'food\'. As a result of increased production, the amount of waste generated also increases. This enormous waste is now posing threat to both humanity and the environment.&nbsp;</p><h3 class=\"\"><b><u>Keywords</u></b>:&nbsp;<span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica;\">agri-food waste</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica;\">,&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">f</span></span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica;\">ood waste management,&nbsp;</span>green circular,&nbsp;<span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica;\">natural bioactive pigments,&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica;\">green solvents,&nbsp;</span>sustainability</h3><p><br></p><p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Addressing this issue and developing solutions to it is the need of the era. For developing a solution to this issue people need to use</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;promising green technologies to manage and valorize agri-food waste into valuable food additives.</span><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">&nbsp;</span></span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">T</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">he recovery of value-added pigments from agri-food waste as natural food colorants is one of the new business prospects being created by approaches influenced by the circular economy model. This method is now growing and being adopted by many people worldwide.</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">T</span></span></span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">he circular economy has the potential to protect valuable and scarce non-renewable resources.</span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><br></span>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-11-04/cef87e99-a9ad-4133-83c7-e8634aa8aa73.jpg\" style=\"width: 396.889px; height: 396.889px;\"></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Food waste management is the proper way to efficiently utilize waste. The pillars of f</span></span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica;\">ood waste management are:</span></p><ol><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Reducing food waste generation</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Utilizing the food waste for reuse</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Valorising food waste for the recovery of natural bioactive compounds</span></li></ol><p><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\">Increasing the utilization of food waste lowers the environmental effects.&nbsp;</font></p><p><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\">Generally, natural bioactive pigments are extracted from food waste using conventional methods. But the conventional methods have certain disadvantages as follows:</font></p><ul><li><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\">Time-consuming</font></li><li><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\">Large solvent consumption</font></li><li><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\">Lower yield</font></li><li><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\">Unsafe to the environment</font></li><li><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\">Unsafe for human health</font></li><li><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\">Less economic</font></li><li><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\">Less sustainable</font></li><li><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\">Inconvenient</font></li><li><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\">Nutrient loss</font></li></ul><p><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\">It is thus necessary to use environmentally friendly solvents. For this purpose, green solvents are needed. Currently,&nbsp;</font><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">ionic solvents (ILs), deep eutectic solvents (DESs), ethanol, water, edible oils, inert gases (CO</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 14px; line-height: 0; position: relative; vertical-align: baseline; bottom: -0.25em; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica;\">2</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">), etc. The advantages of green solvents compared to traditional solvents are:</span></p><ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">High yield</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Safe to the environment</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Safe for human health</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Convenient</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Value food safety</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">More economic</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Less nutrient loss</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Sustainable</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Less time-consuming</span></li></ul><p>The plant-derived bioactive pigments include carotenoids, anthocyanins, chlorophylls, lutein, and betalains. There are various green valorization technologies used for deriving plant natural pigments. They are:</p><ol><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\">&nbsp;<span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">U</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">ltrasonic assisted extraction</span></span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Ohmic heating</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Microwave assisted extraction</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">High voltage discharges&nbsp;</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Pulsed-electric field assisted extraction</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Pressurized liquid extraction</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Light stresses</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Supercritical fluid extraction</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Enzyme assisted extraction</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">High-pressure processing</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Ionizing radiation</span></li></ol><p>The circular economy has been used to increase resource consumption for the proper balancing of economic, environmental, and societal costs. The implementation of green circular technology will help in increasing and broadening the markets for bio-based goods. For the fulfillment of the Sustainable Development Goals(SDG) of the UN, the valorization of food waste can play an important role.&nbsp;</p><p>Conclusion:</p><p>To achieve sustainability in using green technologies, people must be aware of these technologies, their impacts, and their benefits. To achieve a green circular economy in the area of agri-food waste valorization for bioactive pigments, it is necessary to:</p><ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Discover newer food waste resources of pigment potential</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Establish &amp; explore more advanced green valorization technologies with enhanced extraction yield, low solvent consumption, or solvent free strategies</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Reconnoitre novel green solvents with improved efficiency</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Redesign the integrated or combinatorial approaches to support the post-extraction zero-waste concept and generate minimal greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs).</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><br></span></li></ul>','2022-11-04 10:19:32.874719','uploads/news/circular1.jpg',1,'Current Research in Green and Sustainable Chemistry','The recovery of value-added pigments from agri-food waste as natural food colorants is one of the new business prospects being created by approaches influenced by the circular economy model. This method is now growing and being adopted by many people worldwide. 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padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left; font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-align: start; white-space: normal;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666086522000820#bbib11\" id=\"ref-id-bib11\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; cursor: pointer;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">[11]</font></span></a></dt><dd class=\"reference\" id=\"sref11\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 48px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; 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padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left; font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; text-align: start; white-space: normal;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666086522000820#bbib13\" id=\"ref-id-bib13\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; cursor: pointer;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">[13]</font></span></a></dt><dd class=\"reference\" id=\"sref13\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 48px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; 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font-size: 16px;\"><div class=\"contribution\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">V.&nbsp;Šeregelj,&nbsp;V.&nbsp;Šaponjac,&nbsp;S.&nbsp;Lević,&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Kalušević,&nbsp;G.&nbsp;Ćetković,&nbsp;J.&nbsp;Čanadanović-Brunet,&nbsp;V.&nbsp;Nedović,&nbsp;S.&nbsp;Stajčić,&nbsp;J.&nbsp;Vulić,&nbsp;A.&nbsp;Vidaković</font></span><div id=\"ref-id-sref24\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span class=\"title\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: bolder; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><font color=\"#000000\">Application of encapsulated natural bioactive compounds from red pepper waste in yogurt</font></span></div></div><div class=\"host\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><font color=\"#000000\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">J.&nbsp;Microencapsul.,&nbsp;36&nbsp;(8)&nbsp;(2019), pp.&nbsp;704-714,&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1080/02652048.2019.1668488\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">10.1080/02652048.2019.1668488</span></a></font></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><br></div></dd>'),(57874,'A novel security framework for healthcare data through IOT sensors','a-novel-security-framework-for-healthcare-data-through-iot-sensors','2022-11-10 17:04:40.148513','<p>In recent times, the Internet of things (IoT) has emerged as a popular and effective way to store encryption keys as technology is experiencing rapid growth. Essential elements in IoT include:</p><ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Detection equipment,</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Connection, </span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Data management,</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Interaction with users</span></li></ul><p><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Initially, various sensors were used for gathering information like sugar levels, pulse rates, etc.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">The medical industry has adapted to cloud technology and has been employing it to use it to make health care more affordable &amp; effective due to the growing benefits of digital transfer through IoT. But the concerning issue was that the security for protecting medical data was not provided.&nbsp;</span></p><h3 class=\"\"><b><u>Keywords</u></b>: IoT sensors,&nbsp;<span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica;\">digital transfer,&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica;\">healthcare sector,&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica;\">encrypted,&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica;\">specific key,&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica;\">recipient\'s side,&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica;\">ASCII/binary</span></h3><h3 class=\"\"><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica;\"><br></span></h3><p><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\">Researchers have developed a new security framework for protecting data in the healthcare sector using IoT sensors.&nbsp;</font></p><p><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\"><br></font></p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-11-10/ab60700b-3cfd-498e-b4cd-bc8328edbef7.jpg\" style=\"width: 340.889px; height: 227.031px;\"><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\"><br></font></p><p><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\"><br></font></p><p><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\">IoT sensors installed in warm homes or treatment center rooms tend to provide additional and valuable information relevant to the environment where the monitored person is located. For example, the temperatures, the amount of humidity, the illumination, and certain patients\' perspiration can all be recorded by modern smart beds, allowing the hospital personnel to do more accurate analyses and provide a more appropriate cure.</font></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">IoT medical equipment must be under the supervision of the FDA. IoT firms have issued several guidelines to consumers:</span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">1. Follow appropriate security measures while going to add IoT devices to their channels</span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">2.&nbsp; Start changing all fallback passwords and personal titles</span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"> 3. Make sure that passwords have been formed using the proposed mixture of figures, character types, signifiers, &amp; duration</span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"> 4. Before buying a gadget, check to see if the&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/automaker\" title=\"Learn more about automaker from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px; font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">automaker</span></a><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;would then have various levels for the gadget.&nbsp;</span></p><p><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\">This work encrypted</font><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica;\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica;\">the information</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica;\">&nbsp;with a specific key on the recipient\'s side. Initially, data was collected using a sensitive element related to a person\'s blood. Generally, the information is transferred through the cloud infrastructure. But it is highly prone to hackers. Thus, it became necessary to develop an encrypted solution.&nbsp;</span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">The information was acquired from the matrix-sized sensors and combined with a patient-specific code. Then, based on the option, the multiplied information was translated into ASCII/ binary. It was repeated a second time with a key that appeared to be in ASCII/binary. The output of this provided the encoded text.</span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">To determine the efficiency of the proposed system, the researchers checked the encryption and decryption algorithm. Researchers evaluated it based on various needs in terms of:</span></p><ul><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Calculation</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Storage</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Information processing</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Key size</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Vulnerability to various vulnerabilities</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Communication overhead</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Thermal efficiency</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Scalability to various kinds of IoT&nbsp;</span></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Prices</span></li></ul><p><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\">The advantages of this system are:</font></p><ol><li><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\">It consumes less energy.</font></li><li><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\">It is time friendly.</font></li><li><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">It consumes less memory than modern security techniques.</span><font color=\"#2e2e2e\" face=\"Helvetica\"><br></font></li></ol><p><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">This approach focuses on addressing fundamental security issues for the elimination of any risk of third-party exploitation of information.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">The information was likewise guarded until it arrives at its destination also including a doctor\'s clinic or health <span style=\"font-family: Helvetica;\">databases</span>. It could only be decrypted if the recipient ends were informed of the key that has been used to encrypt it originally, presuming the cloud has been protected with a current security system.</span><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\"><br></span></p><p><span style=\"color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">This system has surely given a new side to use IoT in various applications.</span></p>','2022-11-05 20:06:16.183620','uploads/news/healthcare1.jpg',1,'Measurement: Sensors','Initially, various sensors were used for gathering information like sugar levels, pulse rates, etc. The medical industry has adapted to cloud technology and has been employing it to use it to make health care more affordable & effective due to the growing benefits of digital transfer through IoT. But the concerning issue was that the security for protecting medical data was not provided. But now, researchers have developed a new security framework for protecting data in the healthcare sector using IoT sensors.',5,134,'<h2 class=\"section-title u-h3 u-margin-l-top u-margin-xs-bottom\" style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 24px; color: rgb(80, 80, 80); margin-top: 32px !important; line-height: 1.333 !important;\"><br></h2><section class=\"bibliography-sec\" id=\"cebibsec0010\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><dl class=\"references\" id=\"reference-links-cebibsec0010\" style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665917422001696#bbib1\" id=\"ref-id-bib1\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; word-break: break-word; cursor: pointer;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; 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Excellent quality and durable power supplies have been developed under scientific research. The preparation of battery materials has an impact on the environment and humans. Thus, in the battery test process, the gas data index in the test environment is important.&nbsp;</p><h3 class=\"\"><u>Keywords</u>: battery testing workshop, OLED screen, Dupont line, gas data,<span style=\"font-weight: 700;\">&nbsp;</span>circuit&nbsp;</h3><p><br></p><p>In a battery testing workshop, researchers developed an Air Quality Monitoring system. Features of this system are:</p><ul><li>Wide application range</li><li>Excellent performance&nbsp;</li><li>Cost-effective</li><li>Convenient maintenance</li></ul><p><b>System design:</b></p><p>The system design of the main program flowchart is mainly composed of system initialization, the setting threshold of each gas parameter range. It is done through a WIFI module for transmitting data to the cloud platform. The data is displayed on an OLED screen. The following flowchart shows the complete steps in system design:</p><p><br></p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-11-09/53dbf355-f1bf-4d61-ab9a-4dc7a5c0e1a4.png\" style=\"width: 353.497px; height: 430.045px;\"></p><p><br></p><p><b>Hardware circuit design:</b></p><p>The system uses STM32F103C8T6 as the core master chip. Hardware components of this system include a WIFI module, related sensor module, OLED display module, Ventilation module, and sound, and light alarm module.</p><p><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica;\">The gas acquisition module of the system adopts an MQ-7 carbon monoxide sensor to collect carbon monoxide concentration, a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor module to collect temperature and humidity, a GP2Y1014AUOF PM2.5 dust sensor to collect gray layer concentration, a photosensitive resistance sensor to collect luminosity, and OLED screen display module to display data.</span><br></p><p><b>Debug and analyze</b>:</p><p>The Dupont line is used for connections. The corresponding connection between each module and the main control chip is built on the breadboard. The multimeter is used for measuring the circuit and its working and performance.&nbsp;When the circuit requirements are fully met, the program is written into the chip through KEil 5. Then it is powered on.</p><p>First, the OLED screen is observed to ensure the results are correctly displayed. For analyzing the proper working of the circuit, some environmental parameters can be changed.</p><p><br></p><p><b>Conclusion:</b></p><p>This system will help users to monitor the relevant gas data in the environment. The system will alarm and respond in real time according to the abnormal gas in the environment. This system will surely help people in the scientific, industrial, and technological sectors.&nbsp;</p>','2022-11-05 20:25:37.846942','uploads/news/battery.jpg',1,'Procedia Computer Science','In a battery testing workshop, researchers developed an Air Quality Monitoring system. This system will help users to monitor the relevant gas data in the environment.',5,134,'<section class=\"bibliography u-font-serif text-s\" id=\"cebibl1\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 32px; padding: 0px; font-size: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.5; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif !important;\"><h2 class=\"section-title u-h3 u-margin-l-top u-margin-xs-bottom\" style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 24px; color: rgb(80, 80, 80); margin-top: 32px !important; line-height: 1.333 !important;\"><br></h2><section class=\"bibliography-sec\" id=\"cebibsec1\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><dl class=\"references\" id=\"reference-links-cebibsec1\" style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877050922014569#bbib0001\" id=\"ref-id-bib0001\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(12, 125, 187); word-break: break-word; cursor: pointer;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">[1]</span></a></dt><dd class=\"reference\" id=\"sbref0001\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 48px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Xiaoli Ren, Ji Wang, Haopeng Wang, Zhijie Yuan. Design of environmental monitoring system based on STM32 [J]. 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font-size: 14px;\">Zhaofeng&nbsp;Zhu,&nbsp;Jingqi&nbsp;Liu,&nbsp;Zhenhu&nbsp;Zhou,&nbsp;Jingbo&nbsp;Liu,&nbsp;Zetao&nbsp;Yu,&nbsp;Fei&nbsp;Shi</span><div id=\"ref-id-sbref0002\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span class=\"title\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: bolder; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Design of the Indoor Environment Monitoring System based on STM32 [J]</span></div></div><div class=\"host\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Internet of Things Technology,&nbsp;6&nbsp;(2021), pp.&nbsp;6-9</span></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><br></div></dd><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; 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font-size: 14px;\">Internet of Things Technology,&nbsp;10&nbsp;(9)&nbsp;(2020), pp.&nbsp;11-13</span></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><br></div></dd><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877050922014569#bbib0004\" id=\"ref-id-bib0004\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(12, 125, 187); word-break: break-word; cursor: pointer;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">[4]</span></a></dt><dd class=\"reference\" id=\"sbref0004\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 48px; padding: 0px;\"><div class=\"contribution\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Liangkang&nbsp;Fu,&nbsp;Wei&nbsp;Su,&nbsp;Wenxiu&nbsp;Wu</span><div id=\"ref-id-sbref0004\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span class=\"title\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: bolder; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Design of Indoor Environment Remote Monitoring System Based on STM32 [J]</span></div></div><div class=\"host\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Technology Information,&nbsp;33&nbsp;(2020), pp.&nbsp;18-20</span></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><br></div></dd><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; 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font-size: 14px;\">Electronic Technology and Software Engineering&nbsp;(14)&nbsp;(2021), pp.&nbsp;84-85</span></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><br></div></dd><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877050922014569#bbib0006\" id=\"ref-id-bib0006\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(12, 125, 187); word-break: break-word; cursor: pointer;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">[6]</span></a></dt><dd class=\"reference\" id=\"sbref0006\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 48px; padding: 0px;\"><div class=\"contribution\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Duzun&nbsp;Cao,&nbsp;Guoyan&nbsp;Liu,&nbsp;Jincai&nbsp;Zhao,&nbsp;Min&nbsp;Gan,&nbsp;Yu&nbsp;Wang</span><div id=\"ref-id-sbref0006\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span class=\"title\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: bolder; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Design of intelligent indoor air quality monitoring system based on STM32 [J]</span></div></div><div class=\"host\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Science and Technology Vision&nbsp;(16)&nbsp;(2020), pp.&nbsp;25-27</span></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><br></div></dd><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; 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padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Building electric,&nbsp;39&nbsp;(11)&nbsp;(2020), pp.&nbsp;50-53</span></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><br></div></dd><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877050922014569#bbib0008\" id=\"ref-id-bib0008\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(12, 125, 187); word-break: break-word; cursor: pointer;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">[8]</span></a></dt><dd class=\"reference\" id=\"sbref0008\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 48px; padding: 0px;\"><div class=\"contribution\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Xinfeng&nbsp;Xiao,&nbsp;Jingyu&nbsp;Wu,&nbsp;Jiangli&nbsp;Zhang,&nbsp;Jiaming&nbsp;Chen</span><div id=\"ref-id-sbref0008\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span class=\"title\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: bolder; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Indoor air quality monitoring system based on sensor technology [J]</span></div></div><div class=\"host\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Electronic Manufacture&nbsp;(12)&nbsp;(2020), pp.&nbsp;13-15</span></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><br></div></dd><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877050922014569#bbib0009\" id=\"ref-id-bib0009\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(12, 125, 187); word-break: break-word; cursor: pointer;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">[9]</span></a></dt><dd class=\"reference\" id=\"sbref0009\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 48px; padding: 0px;\"><div class=\"contribution\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Chun&nbsp;Zhu,&nbsp;Sitan&nbsp;Liu,&nbsp;Lina&nbsp;Wang,&nbsp;Ling&nbsp;Li</span><div id=\"ref-id-sbref0009\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span class=\"title\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: bolder; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Indoor Air intelligent monitoring method and application [J]</span></div></div><div class=\"host\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Chinese and Foreign Architecture&nbsp;(08)&nbsp;(2021), pp.&nbsp;44-47</span></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><br></div></dd><dt class=\"label\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px 10px 0px 0px; float: left;\"><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877050922014569#bbib0010\" id=\"ref-id-bib0010\" data-aa-button=\"sd:product:journal:article:location=references:type=anchor:name=citation-name\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(12, 125, 187); word-break: break-word; cursor: pointer;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">[10]</span></a></dt><dd class=\"reference\" id=\"sbref0010\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 48px; padding: 0px;\"><div class=\"contribution\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Bin&nbsp;Wang,&nbsp;Xiaobao&nbsp;Fu,&nbsp;Qingzhen&nbsp;Wang,&nbsp;Ying&nbsp;Li</span><div id=\"ref-id-sbref0010\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span class=\"title\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-weight: bolder; display: block; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Design of portable indoor air quality monitor [J]</span></div></div><div class=\"host\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Industrial control computer,&nbsp;33&nbsp;(02)&nbsp;(2020), pp.&nbsp;53-54</span></div><div class=\"ReferenceLinks u-font-sans\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif !important;\"><br></div></dd><dd class=\"reference\" id=\"sbref0010\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 16px 48px; padding: 0px;\"><div><br></div></dd></dl></section></section><div id=\"section-cited-by\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif;\"><section class=\"ListArticles preview\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-bottom: 0px;\"></section></div>'),(58598,'Application Analysis of Artificial Intelligent Neural Network Based on Intelligent Diagnosis','application-analysis-of-artificial-intelligent-neural-network-based-on-intelligent-diagnosis','2022-11-08 15:01:48.167342','<p>In recent years, computer science and AI have experienced rapid growth. Technologies always aim at reducing human efforts and completing the work with full efficiency. But in the process of scientific and technological development for ensuring the stable implementation of new technologies, the problems faced by different industries and fields are studied. This lays a foundation for the application of artificial intelligence neural networking technology.</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-11-08/75dae159-7750-4541-9a0f-ab5cbdedd367.jpg\" style=\"width: 346.674px; height: 221.76px;\"><br></p><p>The continuous development of AI technology makes the application prospect of AI in fault diagnosis emerge. As a simulation technology of human thinking patterns, intelligent diagnosis technology can help in contributing to checking and managing the monitoring target in real-time to ensure data accuracy.</p><p>Artificial intelligent neural networks make use of nervous science as their foundations. They achieve accurate monitoring of targets, providing effective information for staff decisions through three-dimensional monitoring and calculation, with unit nodes as computational modules.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><h3 class=\"\"><b><u>Keywords</u></b>: Intelligent diagnosis, Artificial intelligence network, automobile fault diagnosis, the neural network</h3><p><br></p><p>A recent paper published in&nbsp;Procedia Computer Science analyzes the application status of intelligent diagnosis technology and artificial intelligence network under intelligent diagnosis. It put forward the applications of artificial neural networks in automobile fault diagnosis based on examples.&nbsp;</p><p>For better understanding, consider that in a car fault diagnosis, through a remote fault diagnosis system automobiles can be obtained at this time. The data is then transferred to the data processing center. Then, the information fault is diagnosed, thereby obtaining the best solution. In fault diagnosis, the involvement of artificial intelligence neural networks helps in solving the fault problem smoothly.</p><p>Through the artificial intelligence neural network system architecture, the unit distribution is taken as a model, the input unit is analyzed, and the number of units is diagnosed. Application of Artificial intelligence neural network in automobile fault diagnosis includes:&nbsp;</p><p>1. <b>The infrastructure</b>:</p><p>&nbsp;In the automobile fault diagnosis, the database should be established based on the fault system. Also, the maintenance plan of the database should be retrieved in the shortest time. When collecting fault types, one needs to diagnose and rectify each fault for improving user experience. In artificial intelligence neural networks, considering the real-time monitoring of vehicles, the following must be considered:</p><ul><li>Airbag pops ups</li><li>Reading fault code</li><li>Clearing fault code</li><li>Vehicle maintenance reminder</li><li>Collision automatic help</li></ul><p>2. <b>The improved scheme:</b></p><p>&nbsp;The initial step is to analyze the characteristics of various parts of the car, including battery, voltage, pedal position, and so on. Then the intelligent fault diagnosis system is designed based on the analysis of fault components and working principles of the automobile.</p><p>3.<b> Build a model:</b></p><p>The data obtained in the system are mapped to the clustering and fusion space for obtaining the parameters and contrast. After adjusting the sub-system constants, the BP neural network model is obtained, and the model is established based on the actual situation.</p><p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-11-08/f5a5043b-127d-4129-85db-391cbe672d64.jpg\" style=\"width: 296.889px; height: 197.727px;\"><br></p><p><b><u><br></u></b></p><p><b><u>Conclusion:</u></b></p><p>In big data systems and the intelligent era, intelligent diagnosis technology has been widely adopted in various societies. This system makes it possible to obtain the fault causes and handling measures. It creates a way for ensuring technical support for fault handling in the information sent to the customers. This leads to achieving a high user experience.&nbsp;</p>','2022-11-05 20:25:40.486841','uploads/news/aiiii.jpg',1,'Procedia Computer Science','A recent paper published in Procedia Computer Science analyzes the application status of intelligent diagnosis technology and artificial intelligence network under intelligent diagnosis. It put forward the applications of artificial neural networks in automobile fault diagnosis based on examples.',5,134,'<div>[1]Xing Yaying, Fu Liqin, Duan Xiaoliang, Hou Jiali, Yan Shuo. Research on Soft Measurement Model of Flotation Recovery Based on Artificial</div><div>Intelligence Neural Network [J]. Nonferrous Metals Engineering, 201,11(09):95-99.</div><div>[2] Ou Jianhong, Zheng Suimin, Zheng Yujin, Liang Huiqing. Evaluation of the detection ability of pulmonary nodules in chest CT based on</div><div>artificial intelligence Diagnostic system [J]. Modern Medical Imaging, 201,30(03):479-482.</div><div>[3] Zhang Guosheng, Chen Yanting, Hu Yajun, Gao Qian. Research on ratio of new filling cementing materials based on artificial intelligence</div><div>neural network [J]. Mining research and development,2020,40(09):143-148.</div><div>[4] Wang Dongsheng. Research on application of Artificial Intelligence in Railway Signal Fault Diagnosis [J]. Science &amp; Technology</div><div>Wind,2020,(17):123-124.</div><div>[5] Tang Fengmin. Automotive Fault Diagnosis Based on Artificial Intelligence Neural Network Technology [J]. Automotive Electrical</div><div>Appliances,2019,(11):4-6+10.</div><div>[6] Liu Junming. Application of Artificial Intelligent Neural Network in New Energy Microfield [J]. China Informationization, 2018, (05): 68-69.</div><div>[7] Li Ji \'an. Application of artificial intelligence neural network in lithology identification, porosity and permeability prediction: A case study of</div><div>Shihongtan uranium deposit [J]. Northwest geology,2020,43(02):32-37.</div><div>[8] ChuyaSumba Jorge; AlonsoValerdi Luz María; IbarraZarate David I.Deep-Learning Method Based on 1D Convolutional Neural Network for</div><div>Intelligent Fault Diagnosis of Rotating Machines.Applied SciencesVolume 12, Issue 4. 2022. PP 2158-2158.</div><div>[9] Fathi Milad; Parian Jafar Amiri.Intelligent MPPT for photovoltaic panels using a novel fuzzy logic and artificial neural networks based on</div><div>evolutionary algorithms.Energy ReportsVolume 7, 2021. PP 1338-1348.</div><div>[10] Janarthanan Ramadoss; Maheshwari R. Uma; Shukla Prashant Kumar; Shukla Piyush Kumar; Mirjalili Seyedali; Kumar Manoj.Intelligent</div><div>Detection of the PV Faults Based on Artificial Neural Network and Type 2 Fuzzy Systems.EnergiesVolume 14, Issue 20. 2021. PP 6584-6584.</div><div>[11] Chen Chen;Hu Yongbiao;Jia Feng;Wang Xuebin;Intelligent compaction quality evaluation based on multi-domain analysis and artificial</div><div>neural network.Construction and Building MaterialsVolume 341, Issue , 2022.</div><div>[12] Crystal T Lee;Ling-Yen Pan;Sara H Hsieh;Artificial intelligent chatbots as brand promoters: a two-stage structural equation modeling-</div><div>artificial neural network approach.Internet ResearchVolume 32, Issue 4, 2022, PP 1329-1356.</div><div><br></div>'),(58917,'Cardiotoxicity: Will we ever unravel it?','cardiotoxicity-will-we-ever-unravel-it','2022-11-12 14:19:50.056686','<p id=\"par0005\" class=\"elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(80, 80, 80); font-family: NexusSansPro; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">Cardio-oncology (CO) is an emerging field, which has experienced exponential growth both in awareness and research. Worldwide, CO units have been created and Portugal is no exception. A survey conducted by the CO Study Group of the Portuguese Society of Cardiology has shown that the number of centers providing CO care has already risen to a total of seventeen.</span></p><p id=\"par0010\" class=\"elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(80, 80, 80); font-family: NexusSansPro; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">Cardio-oncology is not a passing trend, as the reasons behind its rapid growth stem from multiple likely irreversible factors: better survival rates for cancer patients mean that there is more time for the development of meaningful late cardiac side effects, alongside the possibility of new cancers emerging; the accumulation of cancer therapies will increase the risk of cardiotoxicity; cardiology treatments also improve the survival rates of cardiac patients, making more patients eligible for further cancer treatments; lastly, the impressive number of new cancer drugs, especially targeted therapy and immunotherapy, seem to have more diverse cardiac effects, with an earlier presentation. Thus, a specific approach for these patients is essential.</span></p><p id=\"par0015\" class=\"elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(80, 80, 80); font-family: NexusSansPro; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">Cardiotoxicity encompasses a spectrum of manifestations ranging from left ventricle (LV) dysfunction/heart failure to arrhythmias, coronary artery disease, hypertension, venous thromboembolic disease, or pulmonary hypertension.</span><a class=\"elsevierStyleCrossRef\" href=\"https://www.revportcardiol.org/pt-cardiotoxicity-will-we-ever-unravel-articulo-S0870255122002852#bib0055\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 117, 155); outline: none medium;\"><span class=\"elsevierStyleSup\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: Helvetica; vertical-align: super;\">1</span></a><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">&nbsp;The most studied is cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction. International recommendations both from Cardiology and Oncology societies</span><a class=\"elsevierStyleCrossRefs\" href=\"https://www.revportcardiol.org/pt-cardiotoxicity-will-we-ever-unravel-articulo-S0870255122002852#bib0055\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 117, 155); outline: none medium;\"><span class=\"elsevierStyleSup\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: Helvetica; vertical-align: super;\">1–3</span></a><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">&nbsp;states that patients should be stratified before therapy, with close follow-up to detect and treat cardiotoxicity earlier. In this regard, LV strain assessed by speckle tracking has garnered interest, as some studies have shown that a reduction in global longitudinal strain (especially if &gt;15%) is a predictor of subsequent reduction in LV ejection fraction (EF).</span><a class=\"elsevierStyleCrossRef\" href=\"https://www.revportcardiol.org/pt-cardiotoxicity-will-we-ever-unravel-articulo-S0870255122002852#bib0070\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 117, 155); outline: none medium;\"><span class=\"elsevierStyleSup\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: Helvetica; vertical-align: super;\">4</span></a><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">&nbsp;It should be pointed out that these studies included mainly patients treated with anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab.</span></p><p id=\"par0020\" class=\"elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(80, 80, 80); font-family: NexusSansPro; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">In this issue of the Journal, Kanar et al.</span><a class=\"elsevierStyleCrossRef\" href=\"https://www.revportcardiol.org/pt-cardiotoxicity-will-we-ever-unravel-articulo-S0870255122002852#bib0075\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 117, 155); outline: none medium;\"><span class=\"elsevierStyleSup\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: Helvetica; vertical-align: super;\">5</span></a><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">&nbsp;sought to assess the cardiotoxicity of two established chemotherapy regimens for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with a special focus on the potential impact on LV strain. They included 71 NSCLC patients, 39 of whom were treated with paclitaxel plus carboplatin (PC) and 32 with vinorelbine plus cisplatin (VC), as well as 34 controls. All patients underwent an echocardiographic evaluation at baseline and the end of treatment. In a median follow-up of 162 days, there were no cardiac adverse events and no differences in LVEF between the groups. However, there was a significant reduction in LV strain only in patients treated with the PC regime. The authors thus concluded that this treatment regime may cause subclinical cardiotoxicity.</span></p><p id=\"par0025\" class=\"elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(80, 80, 80); font-family: NexusSansPro; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">Carboplatin and paclitaxel are not new drugs. Carboplatin, a platinum-based antineoplastic, was approved in 1989 and is used in the treatment of a multitude of cancers such as ovarian, lung, head, and neck, or neuroblastoma. This class of drugs is associated with myocardial ischemia and arrhythmias, but that is especially true for cisplatin and much less frequent with carboplatin.</span><a class=\"elsevierStyleCrossRef\" href=\"https://www.revportcardiol.org/pt-cardiotoxicity-will-we-ever-unravel-articulo-S0870255122002852#bib0055\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 117, 155); outline: none medium;\"><span class=\"elsevierStyleSup\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: Helvetica; vertical-align: super;\">1</span></a></p><p id=\"par0030\" class=\"elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(80, 80, 80); font-family: NexusSansPro; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">Paclitaxel is an antimicrotubular agent approved in 1992 and plays an important role in the treatment of ovarian, breast, and NSCLC, usually in combination therapy. Paclitaxel has been shown to increase the risk of sinus bradycardia, atrioventricular block, and less frequently premature ventricular contractions and ventricular tachycardia.</span><a class=\"elsevierStyleCrossRef\" href=\"https://www.revportcardiol.org/pt-cardiotoxicity-will-we-ever-unravel-articulo-S0870255122002852#bib0055\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 117, 155); outline: none medium;\"><span class=\"elsevierStyleSup\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: Helvetica; vertical-align: super;\">1</span></a></p><p id=\"par0035\" class=\"elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(80, 80, 80); font-family: NexusSansPro; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">Regarding LV dysfunction, paclitaxel is considered by cardiology and oncology guidelines as a low-risk agent.</span><a class=\"elsevierStyleCrossRefs\" href=\"https://www.revportcardiol.org/pt-cardiotoxicity-will-we-ever-unravel-articulo-S0870255122002852#bib0055\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 117, 155); outline: none medium;\"><span class=\"elsevierStyleSup\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: Helvetica; vertical-align: super;\">1,2</span></a><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">, even in the most recent position statement concerning baseline cardiovascular risk assessment, paclitaxel was not included in the eight drug classes that require a stricter risk stratification and follow-up.</span><a class=\"elsevierStyleCrossRef\" href=\"https://www.revportcardiol.org/pt-cardiotoxicity-will-we-ever-unravel-articulo-S0870255122002852#bib0065\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 117, 155); outline: none medium;\"><span class=\"elsevierStyleSup\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: Helvetica; vertical-align: super;\">3</span></a></p><p id=\"par0040\" class=\"elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(80, 80, 80); font-family: NexusSansPro; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">Left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure have been reported when this agent is used simultaneously with anthracyclines, as it enhances anthracyclines\' cardiotoxicity by reducing its elimination and promoting its metabolism into more toxic metabolites.</span><a class=\"elsevierStyleCrossRef\" href=\"https://www.revportcardiol.org/pt-cardiotoxicity-will-we-ever-unravel-articulo-S0870255122002852#bib0055\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 117, 155); outline: none medium;\"><span class=\"elsevierStyleSup\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: Helvetica; vertical-align: super;\">1</span></a><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">&nbsp;As a result, they are currently administered separately.</span></p><p id=\"par0045\" class=\"elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(80, 80, 80); font-family: NexusSansPro; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">There are no prospective large studies investigating the cardiotoxic effects of paclitaxel, but the clinical trials with hundreds of patients treated in monotherapy and combination therapy did not reveal any major warning signs.</span><a class=\"elsevierStyleCrossRefs\" href=\"https://www.revportcardiol.org/pt-cardiotoxicity-will-we-ever-unravel-articulo-S0870255122002852#bib0080\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 117, 155); outline: none medium;\"><span class=\"elsevierStyleSup\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: Helvetica; vertical-align: super;\">6–8</span></a><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">&nbsp;Furthermore, early-stage breast cancer trials with non-anthracycline therapy using a taxane had a good cardiac safety profile and it can be an option in high-risk patients.</span><a class=\"elsevierStyleCrossRef\" href=\"https://www.revportcardiol.org/pt-cardiotoxicity-will-we-ever-unravel-articulo-S0870255122002852#bib0095\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 117, 155); outline: none medium;\"><span class=\"elsevierStyleSup\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: Helvetica; vertical-align: super;\">9</span></a></p><p id=\"par0050\" class=\"elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(80, 80, 80); font-family: NexusSansPro; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">One may argue, however, that most of these studies were not performed using a specific cardiovascular protocol, and none used myocardial deformation assessment.</span></p><p id=\"par0055\" class=\"elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(80, 80, 80); font-family: NexusSansPro; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">Kanar et al.,</span><a class=\"elsevierStyleCrossRef\" href=\"https://www.revportcardiol.org/pt-cardiotoxicity-will-we-ever-unravel-articulo-S0870255122002852#bib0075\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 117, 155); outline: none medium;\"><span class=\"elsevierStyleSup\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: Helvetica; vertical-align: super;\">5</span></a><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">&nbsp;therefore, deserve merit for conducting a prospective study with a control group in a population naïve of potential cardiotoxic treatment, while exploring its effect with more sensitive and sophisticated measures of myocardial function. They are not entirely alone, as Altin et al.</span><a class=\"elsevierStyleCrossRef\" href=\"https://www.revportcardiol.org/pt-cardiotoxicity-will-we-ever-unravel-articulo-S0870255122002852#bib0100\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 117, 155); outline: none medium;\"><span class=\"elsevierStyleSup\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: Helvetica; vertical-align: super;\">10</span></a><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">&nbsp;published a similar study assessing the cardiotoxicity of PC regimens in gynecological diseases. Both studies showed a slight reduction in LV strain, without changes in LVEF or cardiovascular symptoms or events. However, the reduced number of patients included, and the short follow-up is important limitations of both studies, warranting caution in the generalization of their results.</span></p><p id=\"par0060\" class=\"elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(80, 80, 80); font-family: NexusSansPro; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">From a clinical perspective, the key question is whether this reduction in LV strain should impact our practice. The answer is not clear. A drop in global longitudinal strain in patients treated with anthracyclines, a drug that is known to cause severe myocardiopathy, should be valued. But this is not the case in these two studies. Should cancer treatment be halted/changed and/or cardioprotective drugs be initiated? Should we increase the level of cardiac surveillance, adding to the strain of a growing number of cancer patients in echo labs and CO clinics, while potentially inducing further stress in cancer patients?</span></p><p id=\"par0065\" class=\"elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(80, 80, 80); font-family: NexusSansPro; font-size: 20px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">I do not believe so for now. But while the findings of Kanar et al.</span><a class=\"elsevierStyleCrossRef\" href=\"https://www.revportcardiol.org/pt-cardiotoxicity-will-we-ever-unravel-articulo-S0870255122002852#bib0075\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 117, 155); outline: none medium;\"><span class=\"elsevierStyleSup\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; line-height: inherit; font-family: Helvetica; vertical-align: super;\">5</span></a><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\">&nbsp;will probably not lead to a major change in practice, they are nonetheless relevant, highlighting the importance of further research with a broader scale, while making us more aware of a possibly greater risk of cardiotoxicity in this subset of patients.</span></p><p id=\"par0065\" class=\"elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 30px; color: rgb(80, 80, 80); font-family: NexusSansPro; font-size: 20px;\"><img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-11-12/337e4238-6ffa-4d8c-a4a0-f3718a02156e.png\" style=\"width: 100%;\"><span style=\"color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px;\">Table shows FDA guidelines for monitoring for cardiotoxicity with HER2-targeted therapies.</span><span style=\"color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px;\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px;\">Based on National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events.</span><span style=\"font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica;\"><br></span></p><div><span style=\"color: rgb(68, 68, 68); font-family: &quot;Open Sans&quot;, verdana, helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><br></span></div>','2022-11-05 20:33:28.053680','uploads/news/Five-hub-genes-mRNA-levels-in-control-and-DOX-treated-.jpg',1,'Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia','Modeling of Cardiotoxicity with Human PSCs\r\nAn important goal during the process of drug development is to assess whether drug candidates have toxic effects that would prevent their clinical use.33 Cardiotoxicity is a particular concern. Increased risk of ventricular arrhythmia has been involved in 28% of drug withdrawals from the U.S. market, showing that drug candidates that were apparently safe in preclinical models could prove to be unsafe when used by patients',6,168,'Science direct'),(59108,'Depression, anxiety, and psychological distress among caregivers of young children in rural Lesotho: Associations with food insecurity, household death and parenting stress','depression-anxiety-and-psychological-distress-among-caregivers-of-young-children-in-rural-lesotho-associations-with-food-insecurity-household-death-and-parenting-stress','2022-11-08 14:45:50.000627','<div class=\"Abstracts u-font-serif\" id=\"abstracts\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; line-height: 26px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif !important;\"><div class=\"abstract author\" id=\"abs0010\" lang=\"en\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding: 0px;\"><div id=\"abssec0010\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><p id=\"abspara0010\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Good mental health is a critical resource for mothers and caregivers of young children, given the central role of mental health in enabling responsive caregiving. However, fulfilling caregiving responsibilities under challenging circumstances such as extreme poverty, food insecurity, and gender&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/inequality\" title=\"Learn more about inequality from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">inequality</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;intensifies vulnerability to poor mental health. </span></p><p id=\"abspara0010\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Previous research focuses on the mental health of mothers, while in many LMICs children are cared for by other caregivers, such as grandparents. We examined the prevalence of mental health problems among primary caregivers of young children in rural Lesotho, and investigated factors associated with these mental health problems.&nbsp;</span><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">It analyzed baseline data from a cluster randomized controlled trial, where all caregivers with children between 1 and 5 years old across 34 villages were invited to participate. The analysis included mental health data from 781 caregivers of 998 children. We assessed the caregiver\'s mental health using three self-report screening instruments. Univariate and&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/multivariate-regression\" title=\"Learn more about multivariate regression from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">multivariate regression</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;modeling tested associations between caregiver, child, and household variables and (1) depression symptoms (PHQ-9), (2) anxiety symptoms (GAD-7), (3)&nbsp;</span></span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/psychology/psychological-distress\" title=\"Learn more about psychological distress from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">psychological distress</span></a><span style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;(SRQ-20), (4)&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/psychology/suicidal-ideation\" title=\"Learn more about suicidal ideation from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; text-decoration-color: rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">suicidal ideation</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;and (5) help-seeking for mental health.</span></span><img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-11-08/2dc9c93d-24ef-4744-a40d-b2236d304ca1.png\" style=\"width: 100%;\"></p><p id=\"abspara0020\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">This study has reported a high prevalence of symptoms of psychological distress (46.2%), depression (25.7%), anxiety (17.1%), and suicidal ideation (27.5%) among caregivers. Greater prevalence was associated with food insecurity, parenting stress, or recent death in the family/household. Older caregivers reported higher rates of psychological distress and depression, while younger caregivers reported higher rates of anxiety. Suicidal ideation was associated with greater food insecurity and parenting stress, and lower caregiver education.</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica;\">﻿</span></p><section id=\"sec2\" style=\"margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding: 0px;\"></section><p id=\"abspara0025\" style=\"margin-bottom: 16px; padding: 0px;\"></p><section id=\"sec2\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding: 0px; display: block; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"></section><p></p><section id=\"sec1\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 8px; padding: 0px; display: block; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSerif, Georgia, &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, serif; font-size: 18px; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;\"><p id=\"p0010\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Compromised mental health has far-reaching implications for the functioning of individuals, communities, and countries, contributing to increased years lived with disability</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">, greater healthcare expenditures, and reduced economic opportunities</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. Recognizing these costs, mental health and well-being are specifically addressed in the global development goals for 2030</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. Despite an increased global focus on mental health in recent years&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">people from low and middle-income countries (LMICs) continue to experience pervasive structural and social challenges that compromise their mental health</span><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. Mental health links prominently with other public health issues that persist in LMIC settings such as economic deprivation, HIV/AIDS, and gender</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/inequality\" title=\"Learn more about inequality from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: underline 1px rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">inequality</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span></span></p><p id=\"p0015\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">LMICs carry 80% of the disease burden associated with depressive disorders</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">, and 76% of the world\'s suicides take place in these countries</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. In addition, one in every four women in LMICs experience perinatal anxiety, suggesting higher prevalence rates compared to high-income countries.</span><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;While studies from LMICs are limited, evidence from</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/psychology/systematic-review\" title=\"Learn more about systematic reviews from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: underline 1px rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">systematic reviews</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">shows that anxiety and depressive disorders are highly correlated</span></span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. Despite this substantial burden, efforts to increase and improve service delivery for people affected by poor mental health in these settings remain inadequate</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. While the lack of equity around prevention and treatment exists between countries, there is also the issue of equity within countries – especially between urban and rural areas within LMICs (WHO)</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. As an example, research from South Africa demonstrated rural-urban and spatial differences (hotspots of mental ill health) in the prevalence of depression status, with those in urban areas showing lower levels of depression compared to those living in rural areas.</span><img src=\"/media/django-summernote/2022-11-08/4db543b3-8593-479d-be17-36b9793bd36d.png\" style=\"width: 100%;\"></p><p id=\"p0020\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Structural factors such as health infrastructure or social protection policies are important for mental health in that they determine the distribution of resources within a population and who has access to them</span><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">.</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/governance\" title=\"Learn more about Governance from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: underline 1px rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Governance</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">and policies related to education and health, as well as the social environments that shape gender norms and women\'s status in society,</span></span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;are key drivers that determine why, how, and for whom good mental health is unattainable. Poverty leads to a heightened risk of poor mental health by increasing exposure to risk factors such as adverse life events</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">, food insecurity,&nbsp;</span><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">and limited</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/education-and-employment\" title=\"Learn more about education and employment from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: underline 1px rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">education and employment</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">opportunities</span></span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. Women may be especially prone to poor mental health in contexts characterized by poverty</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">, where they are often responsible for the care of young children and the upkeep of their household. Fulfilling caregiving responsibilities under highly challenging circumstances intensifies vulnerability, particularly in gender-unequal societies where women have limited economic agency.</span></p><p id=\"p0025\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">For mothers and other caregivers who fulfill the primary parenting role, good mental health is a critical resource to support the health and well-being of children in their care</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. Caregiver mental health is central to the provision of responsive caregiving</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;which forms the basis of quality caregiver-child interactions and promotes optimal child development</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. Mental health problems such as maternal depression can compromise child development across a range of domains</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">, including physical and cognitive development</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">, and later mental health outcomes for the child</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. Identifying caregivers in need of support is therefore crucial for both parental functioning and child wellbeing</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">.</span></p><p id=\"p0030\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">While there is a growing body of evidence on perinatal mental health in LMICs, less is known about parent mental health past the first year of childbirth. Most research has studied the mental health of mothers, while in many LMICs young children are cared for by other family members, such as grandparents. This is especially relevant in sub-Saharan Africa, where the HIV epidemic has significantly increased the number of orphans and vulnerable children</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. In addition, many parents from rural communities migrate to urban areas for work, leaving their children behind in the care of extended family.</span></p><p id=\"p0035\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">Lesotho is a small, low-income country in southern Africa, where more than half the population (59.7%) live in extreme poverty</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. The country has the second-highest adult HIV prevalence rate globally, at 23.8%</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. One in four children are orphans, and over one-third of children do not live with either parent</span><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. Lesotho has no stand-alone</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/governmental-policy\" title=\"Learn more about governmental policy from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: underline 1px rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">governmental policy</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">or policy plan for mental health, and human resources allocated to mental health are scarce</span></span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">. Research about community-level mental health or access to services in the country has been extremely limited. A small lowland town with a sample of 356 adults,</span><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">reported the prevalence of depression at 12.4% and</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/social-sciences/generalized-anxiety-disorder\" title=\"Learn more about generalized anxiety disorder from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: underline 1px rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">generalized anxiety disorder</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">at 6.2%, using a structured psychiatric interview. More recently, depression has been studied in Lesotho using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) screening tool among men who have sex with men,</span></span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;adult patients on antiretroviral treatment (69% female;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;and TB-HIV patients (53% male</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">). These studies reported moderate-severe depression symptoms at a rate of 16%, 29.8%, and 28.8%, respectively. Using the PHQ-9, depression has also been studied among inmates living with HIV (88.3% male) from three correctional institutions in Lesotho&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">with 53% reporting mild-severe symptoms of depression. To the best of our knowledge, mental health among women and caregivers of young children in Lesotho has not previously been studied.</span></p><p id=\"p0040\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px 0px 16px; padding: 0px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">In this research paper, we examine the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><a href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/psychology/psychological-distress\" title=\"Learn more about psychological distress from ScienceDirect\'s AI-generated Topic Pages\" class=\"topic-link\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; background-color: transparent; text-decoration: underline 1px rgb(46, 46, 46); color: rgb(46, 46, 46); word-break: break-word; text-underline-offset: 1px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">psychological distress</span></a><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">&nbsp;</span><span style=\"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 14px;\">among caregivers of young children (ages 1–5 years) across 34 rural villages in Lesotho, and investigate the covariates of these mental health problems.</span></p></section><div><br></div></div></div></div><ul id=\"issue-navigation\" class=\"issue-navigation u-margin-s-bottom u-bg-grey1\" style=\"margin-right: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; overflow: hidden; font-size: 16px; line-height: 24px; color: rgb(46, 46, 46); font-family: NexusSans, Arial, Helvetica, &quot;Lucida Sans Unicode&quot;, &quot;Microsoft Sans Serif&quot;, &quot;Segoe UI Symbol&quot;, STIXGeneral, &quot;Cambria Math&quot;, &quot;Arial Unicode MS&quot;, sans-serif; margin-bottom: 16px !important; background-color: rgb(245, 245, 245) !important;\"></ul>','2022-11-05 20:40:30.782831','uploads/news/logo.jpg',1,'SSM - Mental Health','Good mental health is a critical resource for mothers and caregivers of young children, given the central role of mental health in enabling responsive caregiving. However, fulfilling caregiving responsibilities under challenging circumstances such as extreme poverty, food insecurity, and gender inequality intensifies vulnerability to poor mental health.',6,105,'Science direct'),