<p>Morphine, the main alkaloid of opium, was first obtained from poppy seeds in 1805.<sup class="text-reference-group"><a class="reference-popover-link" data-content="Pacifici GM: Metabolism and pharmacokinetics of morphine in neonates: A review. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2016 Aug;71(8):474-80. doi: 10.6061/clinics/2016(08)11. (PubMed ID 27626479)" href="#reference-A176035">1</a></sup> It is a potent analgesic, though its use is limited due to tolerance, withdrawal, and the risk of abuse.<sup class="text-reference-group"><a class="reference-popover-link" data-content="Kim J, Ham S, Hong H, Moon C, Im HI: Brain Reward Circuits in Morphine Addiction. Mol Cells. 2016 Sep;39(9):645-53. doi: 10.14348/molcells.2016.0137. Epub 2016 Aug 9. (PubMed ID 27506251)" href="#reference-A176050">2</a></sup> Morphine is still routinely used today, though there are a number of semi-synthetic opioids of varying strength such as <a href="https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00318">codeine</a>, <a href="https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00813">fentanyl</a>, <a href="https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00333">methadone</a>, <a href="https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00956">hydrocodone</a>, <a href="https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00327">hydromorphone</a>, <a href="https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00454">meperidine</a>, and <a href="https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00497">oxycodone</a>.</p><p>Morphine was granted FDA approval in 1941.<sup class="text-reference-group"><a class="reference-popover-link" data-content="FDA Approved Drug Products: Morphine Sulfate Oral Tablets" href="#reference-L12114">13</a></sup></p>