<p>The volume of distribution of carbamazepine was found to be 1.0 L/kg in one pharmacokinetic study.<sup class="text-reference-group"><a class="reference-popover-link" data-content="Marino SE, Birnbaum AK, Leppik IE, Conway JM, Musib LC, Brundage RC, Ramsay RE, Pennell PB, White JR, Gross CR, Rarick JO, Mishra U, Cloyd JC: Steady-state carbamazepine pharmacokinetics following oral and stable-labeled intravenous administration in epilepsy patients: effects of race and sex. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Mar;91(3):483-8. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2011.251. Epub 2012 Jan 25. (PubMed ID 22278332)" href="#reference-A180304">4</a></sup> Another study indicates that the volume of distribution of carbamazepine ranges between 0.7 to 1.4 L/kg.<sup class="text-reference-group"><a class="reference-popover-link" data-content="Rawlins MD, Collste P, Bertilsson L, Palmer L: Distribution and elimination kinetics of carbamazepine in man. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1975 Feb 28;8(2):91-6. (PubMed ID 1233212)" href="#reference-A180424">11</a></sup>. Carbamazepine crosses the placenta, and higher concentrations of this drug are found in the liver and kidney as opposed to lung and brain tissue.<sup class="text-reference-group"><a class="reference-popover-link" data-content="FDA Approved Drug Products: EQUETRO (carbamazepine) extended-release capsules" href="#reference-L1335">16</a></sup> Carbamazepine crosses variably through the blood-brain barrier.<sup class="text-reference-group"><a class="reference-popover-link" data-content="Thorn CF, Leckband SG, Kelsoe J, Leeder JS, Muller DJ, Klein TE, Altman RB: PharmGKB summary: carbamazepine pathway. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2011 Dec;21(12):906-10. doi: 10.1097/FPC.0b013e328348c6f2. (PubMed ID 21738081)" href="#reference-A180436">13</a></sup></p>