<h2 dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.44;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:8pt;margin-bottom:11pt;"><span style="font-size:16pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Theft of Intellectual Property</span></h2><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:15pt;padding:0pt 0pt 11pt 0pt;"><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Arial;color:#222222;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">By some estimates the global loss to cybercrime is north of $400 billion each year. In the competitive world we now live in, these are serious losses that cannot continue to go on. Criminal organizations and state sponsored groups are notorious for hacking the systems of businesses and looting valuable trade secrets and plans for upcoming products. That information is then used to preemptively launch the product and gain the advantage in sales. International bodies, law enforcement agencies and the court system need to work in conjunction with cybersecurity experts to put an end to this practice.</span></p><h2 dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.44;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:8pt;margin-bottom:11pt;"><span style="font-size:16pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Lack of Partnering for Security</span></h2><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:15pt;padding:0pt 0pt 11pt 0pt;"><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Arial;color:#222222;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">For too long organizations have had to fend for themselves in the defense of their networks while, at the same time, seeking needed connectivity with their global partners. Working through international organizations, businesses need to share information on security and work toward developing a common framework of defense that eliminates hodgepodge defenses that are full of vulnerabilities.</span></p><h2 dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.44;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:8pt;margin-bottom:11pt;"><span style="font-size:16pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Internet of Things (IoT)</span></h2><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:15pt;padding:0pt 0pt 11pt 0pt;"><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Arial;color:#222222;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">A serious challenge to cybersecurity is the explosive growth of the </span><a href="https://blog.tesu.edu/the-internet-of-things-are-we-ready" style="text-decoration:none;"><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Arial;color:#762536;background-color:transparent;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">IoT</span></a><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Arial;color:#222222;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">. By some estimates there will be 50 billion connected devices (things) globally by the end of the decade. This expansion of unsecured chip-enabled devices broadens the attack surface and greatly increases vulnerabilities to systems worldwide. International standards need to be adopted to limit those vulnerabilities.</span></p><h2 dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.44;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:8pt;margin-bottom:11pt;"><span style="font-size:16pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Industrial Control Systems (ICS)</span></h2><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:15pt;padding:0pt 0pt 11pt 0pt;"><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Arial;color:#222222;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">One of the greater threats to global manufacturers is the potential damage that could be done should state sponsored hackers gain access to the ICS of their operations. Historically these systems have been ‘air-gapped’ to prevent intrusion, but that has been eroded as systems have become more and more integrated and hackers have developed measures around that defense. Global organizations need to upgrade their systems and partner with like businesses to develop more effective cyber defenses.&nbsp;</span></p><h2 dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.44;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:8pt;margin-bottom:11pt;"><span style="font-size:16pt;font-family:Arial;color:#000000;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">Expansion of Third World</span></h2><p><span id="docs-internal-guid-c5e648df-7fff-d7c5-ffa1-7e75f37afdb8"></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.38;background-color:#ffffff;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:15pt;padding:0pt 0pt 11pt 0pt;"><span style="font-size:12pt;font-family:Arial;color:#222222;background-color:transparent;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre;white-space:pre-wrap;">The internet is a necessity for the economic development of an emerging nation and global organizations are seeking to get into this growth. Google for example is investing $1 billion in ‘Project Loon’ in an effort to bring the internet to emerging nations. With the growth of the internet in these nations also comes cybersecurity issues that need to be addressed if economic success is to be attained.</span></p>